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| [10] Rudolf Bultmann |
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Order No: AAC 9513677 ProQuest - Dissertation Abstracts Title: THREE METHODS OF SELF-REPORT REGARDING CIGARETTE USE BEHAVIOR IN ADOLESCENTS WITH MILD TO MODERATE MENTAL RETARDATION Author: LOHRAFF, BETTY JANE BULTMANN School: UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI - COLUMBIA (0133) Degree: PHD Date: 1994 pp: 190 Advisor: ALPER, SANDRA Source: DAI-A 55/12, p. 3811, Jun 1995 Subject: EDUCATION, SPECIAL (0529); HEALTH SCIENCES, EDUCATION (0350); HEALTH SCIENCES, PUBLIC HEALTH (0573) Abstract: The purpose of this study was to test whether two psychometric properties of scores generated from student self-report regarding cigarette use behavior varied significantly as a result of self-report method. These two variables were response content consistency (person response consistency) and concurrent validity. They were examined across three self-report methods. The concurrent validity criterion was report of the mother regarding the student's cigarette use behavior. Additionally, scores between items were compared across the three self-report methods. In the first self-report method, the student read and responded independently to multiple-choice items. Other randomly assigned subjects responded to the report instrument with the help of a videotape. Special education teachers acquired the report from a third group by verbally asking the questions and recording responses for the students. The 60 subjects were students age 16 and older attending public high schools in large towns or mid-size cities in Missouri. Multidisciplinary evaluation teams in school districts had diagnosed all of the subjects as mild to moderate mentally retarded. The assessment instrument consisted of seven questions regarding cigarette use taken from the Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Responses of students self-reporting interactively with their teachers were more content consistent than responses of students reading and responding to the self-report instrument by themselves. A significant difference between responses of students self-reporting interactively and students reporting with videotape assistance was not found. Item scores of students self-reporting interactively were more positively correlated than item scores of students self-reporting under the other two methods. The correlation of parent scores to scores of students self-reporting interactively was significantly more positive than the correlation of parent scores to scores of students self-reporting with videotape assistance. Furthermore, the correlations of parent scores to student scores for all three administration methods were positive to a statistically significant degree. Order No: AAC 9514180 ProQuest - Dissertation Abstracts Title: SECRET EPIPHANIES: THE HERMENEUTICS OF REVEALING AND CONCEALING IN THE FOURTH GOSPEL (GOSPEL OF JOHN) Author: HANCOCK, FRANK CHARLES, III School: RICE UNIVERSITY (0187) Degree: PHD Date: 1994 pp: 199 Advisor: KELBER, WERNER H.; CARROLL, ISLA; TURNER, PERCY E. Source: DAI-A 55/12, p. 3879, Jun 1995 Subject: RELIGION, BIBLICAL STUDIES (0321) Abstract: In this thesis I attempt to demonstrate that the so-called "Johannine problem" is deeply involved in the hermeneutical issues of concealing and revealing, secrecy and mystery. Thus, the "Johannine problem" is re-constituted in a narrative that deconstructs unity and coherence through a dynamic process of concealing and disclosure, disclosure and concealing. With that as the operating thesis, it follows that the goal of this project is to demonstrate that the Gospel of John resists interpretation and understanding when read on its own terms. In Chapter 1 Johannine secrecy is placed in the context of the work of William Wrede who first introduced the notion of secrecy into gospel studies, and in doing so, raised the issue of understanding in biblical hermeneutics. When Wrede applied the secrecy motif to the Fourth Gospel, he concluded that the notion of Jesus as a bringer of truth and light is not fully sustained in the narrative of John's Gospel as an unbroken whole, or as a closely conceived idea. In Chapter 2 Rudolf Bultmann's hermeneutic and exposition of the Fourth Gospel is presented as an example of one who has astutely perceived the central issues with which a specifically modern program for biblical interpretation must wrestle; that is, the alien character of the world views represented in biblical texts. Bultmann observed how the tension between concealing and revealing is implicated in the mythological language used by the Fourth Evangelist. Bultmann, however, was preoccupied with the existential categories of Martin Heidegger and thus missed the turn when Heidegger moved toward a hermeneutic of language. It is only when language is thought of as the disclosure of being that religious texts can be thought of as "vehicles of revelation." In Chapter 3 Martin Heidegger's hermeneutic of concealing and revealing is introduced through his concept of aletheia, or truth as the interplay between concealing and revealing. It is this concept which provides the cornerstone of this thesis. In Heidegger's terms, secrecy is the ground of revelation. Heidegger's philosophical categories open new possibilities for reading gospel narratives because the tension between concealing and revealing is now considered as a hermeneutical obstacle to full disclosure and understanding. Thus, what gospel narratives reveal is also withdrawn again into concealment, thus making the valid interpretation sought by traditional critics extremely difficult to achieve. In the final two chapters of this thesis the Prologue of the Fourth Gospel (John 1:1-18) and the story of the trial of Jesus before Pilate (John 18:28-19:16a) are examined as test cases for the hermeneutic developed by Heidegger. Using Heidegger's hermeneutical categories I show that the Gospel of John is as much a story about concealing as it is about revelation. The narrative pushes toward the full disclosure of Jesus as the truth and the light, but this revelation takes place in concealing. Revelation is promised, but the promise is left unfulfilled. Truth is disclosed in the person of Jesus, and then qualified in ways that leave the reader in doubt about the nature of truth. In the final analysis, this thesis argues that the Gospel of John victimizes the reader by undermining meaning, concealing revelation, and preventing disclosure in ways unforeseen by either traditional historical criticism or the newer literary criticism. Order No: AAC 9518472 ProQuest - Dissertation Abstracts Title: A CRITIQUE OF ANTHROPOCENTRIC PRESUPPOSITIONS UNDERLYING NONPROPITIATORY VIEWS OF THE TERM HILASTERION IN ROMANS 3:25 (ROMANS (EPISTLE)) Author: SCHENK, DAVID NEIL School: MID-AMERICA BAPTIST THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY (0818) Degree: THD Date: 1994 pp: 244 Source: DAI-A 56/01, p. 238, Jul 1995 Subject: THEOLOGY (0469); RELIGION, GENERAL (0318); RELIGION, BIBLICAL STUDIES (0321) Abstract: This research critically exposes the man-centered (anthropocentric) interpretive biases of select scholars who have denied that the term $\iota\lambda\alpha\sigma\tau\acute \eta\rho\iota o\nu$ in Romans 3:25 supports a doctrine of propitiation. Chapter one introduces the impetus, justification, and organization of the thesis. Chapter two surveys the biblical and extrabiblical data concerning the term $\iota\lambda\alpha\sigma\tau\acute \eta\rho\iota o\nu$ as it has been exhibited in scholarly debate in the twentieth century. Primary lexical and thematic works are studied. Special attention is given throughout the chapter to the reactions of the scholars as they either favor or oppose the contrapropitiation view of C. H. Dodd. Chapter three focuses attention on critique of the anthropocentric presuppositions latent in the exegetical remarks of select scholars concerning the text of Romans 3:21-26. Handled critically are the works of C. H. Dodd, Vincent Taylor, T. W. Manson, Norman H. Young, Rudolph Bultmann, Ernst Kasemann, and Peter Stuhlmacher. Additionally, the exegetical comments of the noted Southern Baptist scholars Dale Moody and Frank Stagg are critiqued. Chapter four, which initially maintains a presupposition that Paul's doctrine of atonement is theocentric, presents an exegesis of Romans 3:21-26. In a text which thoroughly expounds the objective historical atonement, a propitiatory $\iota\lambda\alpha\sigma\tau\acute \eta\rho\iota o\nu$ is recognised as integral to the whole. Chapter five, as the Conclusion, denotes several weaknesses inherent in the anthropocentric nonpropitiatory view of $\iota\lambda\alpha\sigma\tau\acute \eta\rho\iota o\nu$ in Romans 3:25. Pauline theology is shown to be generally subverted in the various doctrines which are presented by Romans 3:21-26 and which are intimately related to $\iota\lambda\alpha\sigma\tau\acute \eta\rho\iota o\nu$. Order No: AAC 9503097 ProQuest - Dissertation Abstracts Title: KARL BARTH VERSUS EMIL BRUNNER: THE FORMATION AND DISSOLUTION OF A THEOLOGICAL ALLIANCE, 1916-1936 (BARTH, KARL, SWITZERLAND, BRUNNER, EMIL) Author: HART, JOHN WOODWARD School: UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD (UNITED KINGDOM) (0405) Degree: DPHIL Date: 1994 pp: 335 Advisor: GORRINGE, TIMOTHY J. Source: DAI-A 55/09, p. 2871, Mar 1995 Subject: THEOLOGY (0469); RELIGION, HISTORY OF (0320) Abstract: The premise of this study is that the 1934 'natural theology debate' between Karl Barth and Emil Brunner was the culmination of several long-running arguments between them. Not only is this background essential in order to understand what the 1934 debate meant for both theologians, but a look into the previous eighteen years of their theological alliance also sheds light on the development and fundamental intentions of both men. This study is an historical-theological exploration into the beginnings, development, and break-down of Barth and Brunner's theological alliance. It draws upon a close reading of Barth's and Brunner's writings during this period, supplemented significantly by the insights provided by their as-yet unpublished correspondence. The study follows the Barth-Brunner relationship through six periods: 1916-1919 (Chapter One), their coming together as theological allies; 1920-1924 (Chapter Two), the critical period when their theological relationship was defined and solidified; 1924-1928 (Chapter Three), when their constructive theologies developed in different directions--Barth towards dogmatics, Brunner towards philosophical theology; 1929-1932 (Chapter Four), when their alliance began to fray over Brunner's 'other task' of theology and Barth's self-clarification through Anselm; and 1933-1935 (Chapter Five), the natural theology debate played out against the background of the German Church struggle. Chapter Six makes a unique contribution to the understanding of Brunner's theology, as well as establishing an overlooked factor in the Barth-Brunner debate, as it explores Brunner's involvement with the Oxford Group Movement. The Conclusion analyses the reasons for the break-up of Barth and Brunner's theological alliance, focusing upon personal characteristics, material commitments, and especially theological method. In the end, the story of the Barth-Brunner alliance shows the gulf which separates Barth from all modern theologians, not only from his obvious adversaries (e.g., Schleiermacher and Bultmann) but also from his nearest colleagues. Barth is ruthlessly and consistently concerned with doing theology which profoundly respects the ontological and noetic distance between the self-revealing God and his sinful and elected Church--a theology which is radically 'dialectical'. Order No: AAC 9434995 ProQuest - Dissertation Abstracts Title: THE HISTORICAL JESUS IN THE FACE OF HIS DEATH: HIS COMPREHENSION OF ITS SALVIFIC MEANING IN THE WRITINGS OF EDWARD SCHILLEBEECKX AND HANS URS VON BALTHASAR (INTERNAL, HISTORICAL, AND SYSTEMATIC PERSPECTIVES) (SCHILLEBEECKX, EDWARD, BALTHASAR, HANS URS VON) Author: BECKER, WILLIAM MICHAEL School: PONTIFICIA UNIVERSITAS GREGORIANA (VATICAN) (1049) Degree: STD Date: 1994 pp: 368 Advisor: FISICHELLA, RINO Source: DAI-A 55/07, p. 2010, Jan 1995 Subject: THEOLOGY (0469); RELIGION, BIBLICAL STUDIES (0321) Abstract: This dissertation analyzes the treatment given to a particular question in historical Jesus research by two Roman Catholic systematic theologians, E. Schillebeeckx and H. U. von Balthasar. The question concerns the historical Jesus in the face of his death; specifically, whether he anticipated his death, and, if so, whether he ascribed salvific meaning to it. Part One of the dissertation presents the historical-critical horizon of the topic by assessing the views of several exegetes, including R. Bultmann, J. Jeremias, E. P. Sanders, H. Schuirmann, A. Vogtle, R. Pesch, and M. Hengel. This procedure creates a broad, representative, and detailed background for the topic, thus enabling a thorough, critical analysis of the treatment of the historical issue by the two principal authors. Part Two of the study, however, elaborates and assesses the views of Schillebeeckx and Balthasar not only in light of the results of Part One, but also in light of the internal elements which have influenced their respective portrayals. The latter procedure extracts these guiding elements from (1) their overall Christologies and (2) from the wider aspects of their theologies which have inspired their Christologies and their portrayal of the historical question at issue. The conclusion of our research examines the systematic/theological significance of the historical question under scrutiny. It considers and assesses the views of Schillebeeckx and Balthasar concerning the relationship between Jesus' subjective comprehension of the meaning of his death and its objective significance, in light of the main lines of discussion in the current theological community. Order No: AAC 9428246 ProQuest - Dissertation Abstracts Title: DIMENSIONS OF THE RECONCILED LIFE: FAITH, LOVE, AND HOPE IN KARL BARTH'S THEOLOGY (BARTH, KARL) Author: DEVINE, DARRYL MARK School: THE SOUTHERN BAPTIST THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY (0207) Degree: PHD Date: 1994 pp: 314 Advisor: MUELLER, DAVID L. Source: DAI-A 55/05, p. 1292, Nov 1994 Subject: THEOLOGY (0469) Abstract: The purpose of the dissertation was twofold. First was the attempt to trace and critically analyze how Barth makes the transition from the understanding of the objective work of God in Jesus Christ to its subjective appropriation by Christian believers. Second was the endeavor to elaborate and assess the viability of Barth's conception of Christian faith, love, and hope as significant dimensions of the Christian life. Chapter 1 established the background of Barth's development of the doctrine of reconciliation in his confrontation with the thinking of Friedrich Schleiermacher and Rudolf Bultmann. The crucial place of reconciliation within Barth's theology was demonstrated and the distinctive structure of his move from objective to subjective concerns was schematically depicted and analyzed. Chapters 2, 3, and 4 traced Barth's transition from the understanding of justification, sanctification, and vocation to Christian faith, love, and hope respectively. It was found that Barth accounts for the true subjective appropriation of reconciliation by the miraculous work of the Holy Spirit. Barth identifies the genuineness of subjective appropriation by its correspondence to the reconciling work of Jesus Christ in question. Chapter 5 distilled Barth's understanding of the transition from objective reconciliation to its subjective appropriation in seventeen theses. It also addressed four critical issues raised by Barth's views; (1) objectivist christomonism, (2) universalism, (3) the significance of history and the Christian life, and (4) the content of Christian hope. The notion that Barth marginalizes the subjective moment of salvation was challenged and the viability of his conception of the Christian life as meaningful was defended. The "calvinistic" character of Barth's universalistic tendency was asserted and the scriptural objection to universalism was accepted. Finally, Barth's understanding was assessed as an answer and alternative to the thinking of Friedrich Schleiermacher and Rudolf Bultmann. Criticism that Barth's understanding displays any disinterest in, evasion of or neglect concerning the subjective implications of the gospel was countered. Rejection of the theologies of Schleiermacher and Bultmann was traced to Barth's identification of the living Jesus Christ as the ontological and epistemological locus for Christian knowledge and speech concerning humanity's true being and existence. Order No: AAC 9428249 ProQuest - Dissertation Abstracts Title: CHRISTOLOGICAL PREACHING FOR THE POSTMODERN ERA (DECONSTRUCTION) Author: JOHNSON, MARK ALAN School: THE SOUTHERN BAPTIST THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY (0207) Degree: PHD Date: 1994 pp: 237 Advisor: BUGG, CHARLES B. Source: DAI-A 55/05, p. 1294, Nov 1994 Subject: THEOLOGY (0469); RELIGION, GENERAL (0318); RELIGION, PHILOSOPHY OF (0322) Abstract: The purpose of this dissertation was to articulate a theological understanding of the preaching event which would be relevant in the context of postmodernity. Chapter 1 gave the background of the proposal and gave the methodology which would be used in attempting to accomplish the stated purpose. Chapter 2 examined the ministry of three homiletic theologians within the context of modernity. The thought of Peter Taylor Forsyth, Harry Emerson Fosdick, and Rudolf Bultmann was examined with particular reference to their responses to modernity, their understanding of the preaching task, and their understanding of Christ. Chapter 3 represented an attempt to characterize the changes in dominant philosophical and theological patterns which signal a shift from a modern to a postmodern worldview. Four basic responses to modernity were discussed: revisionism, which seeks to revise the basic premises of modernity, deconstructionism which seeks to carry out the basic premises of modernity to their logical conclusions, restorationism, which seeks to restore premises which were prevalent before the rise of modernity, and liberationism which seeks to set free the victims of modernity. Chapter 4 summarized the findings of chapter 3 before moving on to delineate an understanding of Christ within each of the four responses to modernity articulated in Chapter 3. Implications from this were then drawn for preaching. A homiletic which emphasizes creativity, aesthetic sensitivity, and imagination was advocated. Chapter 5 drew conclusions and made suggestions for further research. A response which seeks to modify the premises of modernity was advocated. It was suggested that preachers who use a non-authoritarian approach to their pulpit ministry will be able to get a hearing in the context of postmodernity. The preacher's challenge is to facilitate the congregation's ability to imagine the gospel for themselves. Order No: AAC 9318977 ProQuest - Dissertation Abstracts Title: VANQUISHING GOD'S SHADOW: POSTMODERN THEORY, ONTOTHEOLOGY AND BIBLICAL THEOLOGY (DECONSTRUCTION) Author: INGRAFFIA, BRIAN DOUGLAS School: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, IRVINE (0030) Degree: PHD Date: 1993 pp: 484 Advisor: ROWE, JOHN CARLOS Source: DAI-A 54/02, p. 514, Aug 1993 Subject: LITERATURE, MODERN (0298); PHILOSOPHY (0422); THEOLOGY (0469) Abstract: This work analyzes the characterization of Western thought as ontotheological by Nietzsche, Heidegger and Derrida. I criticize the way in which each of these writers conflates Christianity and ontotheological metaphysics. After analyzing the attacks upon the metaphysical distinctions between two worlds in Nietzsche, between mind and body in Heidegger and between signifier and signified in Derrida, I demonstrate, through exegeses of the separation between the present age and the age to come, flesh and spirit, and letter and spirit in the New Testament, that the biblical writings are not based upon the philosophical dualisms deconstructed by these thinkers. Drawing upon the works of Kierkegaard, Barth, Cullman, Bonhoeffer, Reinhold Niebuhr, Kung and Moltmann, I argue that when the original Judeo-Christian writings are teased apart from their synthesis with Greek and modern philosophies, we are left with a wisdom which is separate from and resists the deconstruction of ontotheology by postmodern theory. Unlike most works in this field (e.g. Altizer on Nietzsche, Bultmann on Heidegger, Mark C. Taylor on Derrida), I do not seek a synthesis between postmodern theory and Christian theology in order to form a new postmodern theology. Rather, I seek to demonstrate the limitations of postmodern critiques of Western intellectual history which claim to deconstruct the whole of Western thought while ignoring the distinctiveness of the Judeo-Christian worldview in contradistinction to the Greek and modern ontotheological traditions. The work is framed by a critical analysis of the antipathy exhibited in postmodern theory toward theology. Whereas modernism tried to elevate man into God's place, postmodern theory seeks to destroy or deconstruct the very place and attributes of God. I argue that postmodern theory follows Nietzsche in seeking to "vanquish God's shadow," to destroy the theological foundations of Western thought and the secularization of theology in modernism. Order No: AAC 9234440 ProQuest - Dissertation Abstracts Title: THE GOSPEL AND NARRATIVE PERFORMANCE: THE CRITICAL ASSESSMENT OF MEANING-AS-CORRESPONDENCE IN D. F. STRAUSS AND R. BULTMANN (STRAUSS D. F. , BULTMANN R. ) Author: MOORE, ROBERT GEORGE School: RICE UNIVERSITY (0187) Degree: PHD Date: 1992 pp: 199 Advisor: KELBER, WERNER H. Source: DAI-A 53/07, p. 2413, Jan 1993 Subject: RELIGION, BIBLICAL STUDIES (0321) Abstract: The concept of meaning-as-correspondence is developed and employed to demonstrate how in the modern period the meaning of a narrative is conceived as a separate entity from the narrative itself. Meaning-as-correspondence is manifest in three modes: (1) as a referent to which a narrative points, (2) as an object that a narrative describes or (3) as a content that a narrative contains. As a preunderstanding of narrative, meaning-as-correspondence eclipses the power of narrative. The enervating effect of meaning-as-correspondence on the interpretation of the gospels is demonstrated. The work of the Mythical School, D. F. Strauss and R. Bultmann is assessed. All employed a concept of myth to the gospels which presupposed that the meaning of the gospels was a separate entity from the narrative. Members of the Mythical School conceived of meaning as an ideal or historical content. Strauss understood the gospels as mythical representations of a philosophical content which must be speculatively rendered into the language of idealism. Bultmann believed that the gospels referred to the early church's proclamation of the gospel, the kerygma. The concept of meaning-as-performance is presented as a way to re-conceive meaning as an event which occurs through narrative performance. The critical tools of narrative criticism are employed to understand the way gospel narratives are structured for the experience of reading/hearing. Reader-response criticism shifts attention from the objective critical plane to the pragmatic or rhetorical plane. The story of Jesus' healing of the blind beggar is used as a test case by which to contrast the methods of Strauss and Bultmann with a performative approach. Order No: AAC 9314662 ProQuest - Dissertation Abstracts Title: THE YOUNG BULTMANN: CONTEXT FOR HIS UNDERSTANDING OF GOD, 1884-1925 (BULTMANN RUDOLF) Author: DENNISON, WILLIAM DAVID School: MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY (0128) Degree: PHD Date: 1992 pp: 293 Source: DAI-A 54/01, p. 217, Jul 1993 Subject: THEOLOGY (0469); PHILOSOPHY (0422); HISTORY, EUROPEAN (0335) Abstract: During Rudolf Bultmann's early life (1884-1925), he attempted to unite scholar and laity through his understanding of the person of God. He passionately strove to present a consistent understanding of God to himself, fellow scholars, his students, and the laity in the protestant churches of Germany. His consistent understanding of God developed in the context of his home and its love for the common people of the church, the legacy of Schleiermacher, Marburg Lutheran Neo-Kantianism, the eschatological perspective of the History of Religions school, dialectic theology, and Heidegger's philosophy of existence. Throughout this development, Bultmann always insisted that God is the inner forces of life within the human; this belief was the common feature of his understanding of God during this period. However, in the process of these developmental stages, Bultmann came to hold that Lutheran Neo-Kantianism provided the basic structure by which to analyze, critique, and strengthen his understanding of God. In light of this Neo-Kantian structure, Bultmann insisted that God cannot be the formulation of any scientific, ethical, or artistic construction. By this Bultmann meant that God cannot be the object or manifestation of human reason in any form; God transcends human reason. Hence, through the assistance of the dialectical theologians and Heidegger, in 1925 Bultmann presented his purest formulation of a Neo-Kantian understanding of God: God is the spontaneous moment of encountering the dialectical forces within our existential being. For Bultmann, herein lies the union of scholar and laity: whether one is a theological scholar or a peasant farmer, the presence of God is revealed in the same manner--God is the dialectic force within our existential being. For this reason, Bultmann proclaimed (the kerygma) in the churches and in the halls of academia that the union of laity and scholar as well as one's own personal life are dependent upon a passive reception of the revelation of God within us and an active embrace of that revelation by faith. |
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