Bibliothek zum Wissen





2001/12/04 (18:41) from 129.206.82.100' of 129.206.82.100' Article Number : 102
Delete Modify ˟̦ Access : 10514 , Lines : 247
[2001. 12. 04] 13. Creativity in PR (Text)





Über die Kreativität in PR





Alfred North Whitehead

Process and Reality - An Essay in Cosmology (New York : Free Press, 1978)
Proze©¬ und Realität. Entwurf einer Kosmologie. Übers. H.-G. Holl (Frankfurt : Suhrkamp, 1979)
°úÁ¤°ú ½ÇÀç - À¯±âüÀû ¼¼°è°üÀÇ ±¸»ó, ¿À¿µÈ¯ ¿ª (¼­¿ï : ¹ÎÀ½»ç, 1991)











Zusammenfassung von Chun Chul





7. In all philosophic Theory there is an ultimate which is actual in virtue of its accidents. It is only then capable of characterization through its accidental embodiments, and apart from these accidents it devoid of actuality. In the philosophy of organism this ultimate is termed ¡®Creativity¡¯; and God is its primordial, non-temporal accident. In monistic philosophies, Spinoza¡¯s or absolute idealism, this ultimate is God, who is also equivalently termed ¡®The Absolute.¡¯ In such monistic schemes, the ultimate is illegitimately allowed a final, ¡®eminent¡¯ reality, beyond that ascribed to any of its accidents. In this general position the philosophy of organism seems to approximate more to some strains of Indian, or Chinese, thought, than to western Asiatic, or European, thought. One side makes process ultimate ; the other side makes fact ultimate.

38. In jeder philosophischen Theorie gibt es ein Elementares, das vermöge seiner Akzidenzien wirklich ist. Es kann dann nur durch seine akzidentellen Verkörperungen charakterisiert werden, und abgesehen von diesen Akzidenzien kommt ihm keine Wirklichkeit zu. In der organistischen Philosophie wird dieses Elementare »Kreativität« genannt ; und Gott ist sein uranfängliches, unzeitliches Akzidens. In monistischen Philosophien – etwa in der Spinozas oder im absoluten Idealismus – ist dieses Elementare Gott, der entsprechend auch als »das Absolute« bezeichnet wird. In solchen monistischen Systemen wird dem Elementaren ohne Rechtfertigung eine entscheidende, höchste Realität jenseits derer eingeräumt, die all seinen Akzidenzien zukommen soll. Hinsichtlich dieses allgemeinen Grundsatzes scheint sich die organistische Philosophie eher einigen Strömungen des indischen oder chinesischen Denkens anzunähern als dem westasiatischen oder europäischen Denken. Für die eine Seite ist der Proze©¬ elementar, für die andere das Tatsächliche.

56. ¹«¸© öÇÐÀ̷п¡´Â ¿ìÀ¯¼º¿¡ ÈûÀÔ¾î Çö½ÇÀûÀÎ °ÍÀÌ µÇ´Â, ¾î¶² ±Ã±ØÀÚ°¡ Á¸ÀçÇÑ´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº ¿ÀÁ÷ ±× ¿ìÀ¯ÀûÀÎ °ÍµéÀÇ ±¸ÇöÀ» ÅëÇؼ­¸¸ ±× Ư¼ºÀÌ ±ÔÁ¤µÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀε¥, ±×·¯ÇÑ ¿ìÀ¯¼ºÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ´ÜÀýµÉ ¶§ ±×°ÍÀº Çö½Ç¼ºÀ» ÀÒ°Ô µÈ´Ù. À¯±âüÀÇ Ã¶Çп¡¼­´Â ÀÌ·± ±Ã±ØÀÚ¸¦ °¡¸®ÄÑ Ã¢Á¶¼ºÀ̶ó°í ºÎ¸¥´Ù. ±×¸®ÇÏ¿© ½ÅÀº ±×°ÍÀÇ ¿øÃÊÀûÀÎ ºñ½Ã°£Àû ¿ìÀ¯¼ºÀÌ´Ù. ½ºÇdzëÀÚÀÇ Ã¶ÇÐÀ̳ª Àý´ëÀû °ü³ä·Ð µîÀÇ ÀÏ¿øÀû öÇп¡¼­´Â ÀÌ·± ±Ã±ØÀÚ°¡ ½ÅÀ̸ç, ÀÌ¿Í µ¿µîÇÑ Àǹ̿¡¼­ <Àý´ëÀÚ>¶ó°íµµ ºÒ¸°´Ù. ±×·¯ÇÑ ÀÏ¿ø·ÐÀû µµ½Ä¿¡ À־´Â ±Ã±ØÀÚ ¼Ó¿¡, ¿ìÀ¯¼º¿¡ µ¹·Á¾ß ÇÒ °ÍÀ» ÃÊ¿ùÇÏ´Â ÃÖÁ¾ÀûÀÎ ¾î¶² <Ź¿ùÇÑ> ½ÇÀ缺ÀÌ ºÎ´çÇÏ°Ô Çã¿ëµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ¿Í °°Àº ÀϹÝÀû °üÁ¡¿¡¼­ º»´Ù¸é À¯±âüÀÇ Ã¶ÇÐÀº ¼­¾Æ½Ã¾Æ³ª À¯·´ÀÇ »ç»óº¸´Ù´Â Àεµ³ª Áß±¹ÀÇ »ç»óÀÇ ±âÁ¶¿¡ ´õ °¡±î¿î °ÍÀ¸·Î »ý°¢µÈ´Ù. ÈÄÀÚ ÂÊ¿¡¼­´Â °úÁ¤À» ±Ã±ØÀÚ·Î º¸´Âµ¥, ÀüÀÚ ÂÊ¿¡¼­´Â »ç½ÇÀ» ±Ã±ØÀÚ·Î º¸°í ÀÖ´Ù.

20. In other words, philosophy is explanatory of abstraction and not of concreteness. It is by reason of their instinctive grasp of this ultimate truth that, in spite of much association with arbitrary fancifulness and atavistic mysticism, types of Platonic philosophy retain their abiding appeal ; they seek the forms in the facts. Each fact is more than its forms, and each form ¡®participates¡¯ throughout the world of facts. The definiteness of fact is due to its forms ; but the individual fact is a creature, and creativity is the ultimate behind all forms, inexplicable by forms, and conditioned by its creatures.

60. Die Philosophie erklärt also das Abstrakte und nicht das Konkrete. Allein wegen ihres Gespürs für diese elementare Wahrheit behalten einige Spielarten der platonischen Philosophie ihre beständige Anziehungskraft, obwohl sie häufig an willkürliche Phantasterei und atavistische Mystik erinnern: Sie suchen die Formen in den Fakten. Jede Tatsache ist mehr als ihre Formen, und jede Form »hat teil« an der gesamten Welt der Tatsachen. Die Abgegrenztheit einer Tatsache beruht auf ihren Formen; aber die einzelne Tatsache ist ein Geschöpf, und Kreativität liegt allen Formen elementar zugrunde, kann nicht durch Formen erklärt werden und ist allein an ihren Geschöpfen zu erkennen.

76. ´Þ¸® ¸»Çϸé öÇÐÀº Ãß»ó¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ¼³¸íÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ±¸Ã¼¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ¼³¸íÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. ÈçÈ÷ µ¶´ÜÀû °ø»ó°ú °Ý¼¼À¯ÀüÀû ½ÅºñÁÖÀǸ¦ ¿¬»ó½ÃÅ´¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸ÇÏ°í ÇöóÅæÀû À¯ÇüÀÇ Ã¶ÇÐÀÌ Áö¼ÓÀûÀΠȣ¼Ò·ÂÀ» Áö´Ï´Â ±î´ßÀº, ±×°ÍÀÌ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ±Ã±ØÀû Áø¸®¸¦ º»´ÉÀûÀ¸·Î ÆľÇÇß´Ù´Â µ¥¿¡ ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯ÇÑ Ã¶ÇÐÀº »ç½Ç ¼Ó¿¡ µé¾î ÀÖ´Â Çü»óÀ» Ž±¸ÇÑ´Ù. »ç½ÇÀº Àú¸¶´Ù ±× Çü»ó ÀÌ»óÀÇ °ÍÀ̸ç, °¢ Çü»óÀº ¾î´À °÷¿¡¼­³ª »ç½ÇÀÇ ¼¼°è¿¡ °ü¿©ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. »ç½ÇÀÇ ÇÑÁ¤¼ºÀº ±× Çü»óÀÇ Å¿À¸·Î µ¹·Á¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª °³Ã¼ÀûÀÎ »ç½ÇÀº âÁ¶µÈ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×¸®°í âÁ¶¼ºÀº ¸ðµç Çü»óÀÇ ¹èÈÄ¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ±Ã±ØÀûÀÎ °ÍÀ¸·Î¼­, Çü»óÀ¸·Î´Â ¼³¸íµÉ ¼ö ¾ø°í ±×°ÍÀÌ ¸¸µé¾î³»´Â ¿©·¯ âÁ¶¹°¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Á¦¾àµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù.

21. 'creativity,' 'many,' 'one' are the ultimate notions involved in the meaning of the synonymous terms 'thing,' 'being,' 'entity.' These three notions complete the category of the Ultimate and are presupposed in all the more special categories.

61. ›Kreativität‹, ›viele‹ und ›eins‹ sind die elementaren Begriffe, die in der Bedeutung der synonymen Termini ›Ding‹, ›Seiendes‹ und ›Einzelwesen‹ mitschwingen. Diese drei Begriffe füllen die Kategorie des Elementaren aus und liegen all den spezielleren Kategorien zugrunde.

77. âÁ¶¼º, ´ÙÀÚ, ÀÏÀÚ´Â µ¿ÀǾîÀÎ »ç¹°, ÀÖ´Â °Í, Á¸ÀçÀÇ ÀÇ¹Ì ¼Ó¿¡ Æ÷ÇԵǾî ÀÖ´Â ±Ã±ØÀûÀÎ °³³äÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ ¼¼ °³ÀÇ °³³äÀº ±Ã±ØÀÚÀÇ ¹üÁÖ¸¦ ¿Ï°áÁöÀ½°ú µ¿½Ã¿¡, º¸´Ù Ư¼öÇÑ ¸ðµç ¹üÁÖÀÇ ÀüÁ¦°¡ µÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù.

21. 'creativity' is the universal of universals characterizing ultimate matter of fact. It is that ultimate principle by which the many, which are the universe disjunctively, become the one actual occasion, which is the universe conjunctively. It lies in the nature of things that the many enter into complex unity.
'creativity' is the principle of novelty. An actual occasion is a novel entity diverse from any entity in the 'many' which it unifies. Thus 'creativity' introduces novelty into the content of the many, which ate the [32] universe disjunctively. The 'creative advance' is the application of this ultimate principle of creativity to each novel situation which it originates.
'Together' is a generic term covering the various special ways in which various sorts of entities are 'together' in any one actual occasion. Thus 'together' presupposes the notions 'creativity ' 'many ' 'one ' 'identity' and 'diversity.' The ultimate metaphysical principle is the advance from disjunction to conjunction, creating a novel entity other than the entities given in disjunction. The novel entity is at once the togetherness of the 'many' which it finds, and also it is one among the disjunctive 'many' which it leaves; it is a novel entity. disjunctively among the many entities which it synthesizes. The many become one, and are increased by one. In their natures. entities are disjunctively 'many' in process of passage into conjunctive unity. This category of the Ultimate replaces Aristotle's category of 'primary substance.'

62. ›Kreativität‹ ist die Universalie der Universalien, die den elementaren Sachverhalt charakterisiert. Aufgrund dieses elementaren Prinzips werden die vielen, die das Universum als trennendes verkörpern, zu dem einen wirklichen Ereignis, in dem sich das Universum als verbindendes darstellt. Es liegt in der Natur der Dinge, dass sich die vielen zu einer komplexen Einheit verbinden.
›Kreativität‹ ist das Prinzip des Neuen. Ein wirkliches Ereignis ist ein neues Einzelwesen, das sich von jedem unter den ›vielen‹ unterscheidet, die es vereinigt. Daher führt die ›Kreativität‹ etwas Neues in die Natur der vielen ein, die das Universum als trennendes verkörpern. Das ›kreative Fortschreiten‹ ist die Anwendung dieses elementaren Prinzips der Kreativität auf jede Situation, die es hervorbringt.
›Gemeinsam‹ ist ein allgemeiner Terminus, der sich auf die vielfältigen besonderen Weisen bezieht, in denen verschiedene Arten von Einzelwesen ›gemeinsam‹ in einem wirklichen Ereignis vorkommen. Daher setzt ›gemeinsam‹ die Begriffe ›Kreativität‹, ›viele‹, ›eins‹, ›Identität‹ und ›Verschiedenheit‹ voraus. Das elementare metaphysische Prinzip ist das Fortschreiten von der Getrenntheit zur Verbundenheit. Das neue Einzelwesen verkörpert zugleich die Gemeinsamkeit der ›vielen‹, die es vorfindet, und ist auch eins ein neues Einzelwesen, das sich getrennt unter den vielen befindet, die es synthetisiert. Die vielen werden eins und werden um eins vermehrt. Ihrer Natur nach sind die Einzelwesen getrennt ›viele‹, die einen Proze©¬ des Übergangs in verbindende Einheit durchlaufen. Diese Kategorie des Elementaren ersetzt Aristoteles¡¯ Kategorie der ›ersten Substanz‹.

78. <âÁ¶¼º>Àº ±Ã±ØÀûÀÎ »çŸ¦ Ư¡Áö¿ì´Â º¸ÆíÀÚµéÀÇ º¸ÆíÀÚÀÌ´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº ÀÌÁ¢Àû ¹æ½ÄÀÇ ¿ìÁÖÀÎ ´ÙÀÚ¸¦, ¿¬Á¢Àû ¹æ½ÄÀÇ ¿ìÁÖÀÎ ÇϳªÀÇ Çö½ÇÀû °è±â·Î ¸¸µå´Â ±Ã±ØÀû ¿ø¸®ÀÌ´Ù. ´ÙÀÚ°¡ º¹ÀâÇÑ ÅëÀÏ ¼ÓÀ¸·Î µé¾î°£´Ù´Â °ÍÀº »ç¹°ÀÇ º»¼º¿¡ ¼ÓÇÑ´Ù.
<âÁ¶¼º>Àº <»õ·Î¿ò>ÀÇ ¿ø¸®ÀÌ´Ù. Çö½ÇÀû °è±â´Â ±×°ÍÀÌ ÅëÀÏÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â <´ÙÀÚ>¿¡ À־ÀÇ ¾î¶°ÇÑ Á¸Àç¿Íµµ ´Ù¸¥, »õ·Î¿î Á¸ÀçÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î <âÁ¶¼º>Àº ÀÌÁ¢ÀûÀÎ ¹æ½ÄÀÇ ¿ìÁÖÀÎ ´ÙÀÚÀÇ ³»¿ë¿¡ »õ·Î¿òÀ» µµÀÔÇÑ´Ù. <âÁ¶Àû ÀüÁø>À̶õ ±× ¿ø¸®°¡ ±× âÁ¶¼ºÀÌ ¸¸µé¾î³»´Â °¢°¢ÀÇ »õ·Î¿î »óȲ¿¡ Àû¿ëµÇ´Â °ÍÀ» ¸»ÇÑ´Ù.
<°øÀçÀû>À̶õ, ¿©·¯ Á¾·ùÀÇ Á¸Àç°¡ ÀÓÀÌÀÇ ÇÑ Çö½ÇÀû °è±â ¼Ó¿¡ °øÀçÇÏ´Â ¿©·¯ Ư¼öÇÑ ¹æ½ÄÀ» Æ÷°ýÀûÀ¸·Î °¡¸®Å°´Â ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ ¼ú¾îÀÌ´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ °øÀçÀûÀ̶õ °³³äÀº, <âÁ¶¼º>, <´ÙÀÚ>, <ÀÏÀÚ>, <µ¿Àϼº>, <´Ù¾ç¼º>ÀÇ °³³äµéÀ» ÀüÁ¦ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ±Ã±ØÀûÀÎ ÇüÀÌ»óÇÐÀû ¿ø¸®´Â ÀÌÁ¢ÀûÀ¸·Î ÁÖ¾îÁø Á¸Àçµé°ú´Â ´Ù¸¥ ¶Ç ÇϳªÀÇ»õ·Î¿î Á¸À縦 âÃâÇØ ³»´Â, ÀÌÁ¢¿¡¼­ ¿¬Á¢À¸·ÎÀÇ ÀüÁøÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ »õ·Î¿î Á¸Àç´Â ±×°ÍÀÌ Ã£¾Æ³»´Â <´ÙÀÚ>ÀÇ <°øÀ缺>ÀÎ µ¿½Ã¿¡, ¶ÇÇÑ ±×°ÍÀÌ µÚ¿¡ ³²°Ü ³õ´Â ÀÌÁ¢ÀûÀÎ <´ÙÀÚ> ¼ÓÀÇ ÀÏÀÚÀ̱⵵ ÇÏ´Ù. Áï ±×°ÍÀº, ±× ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ Á¾ÇÕÇÏ´Â ¸¹Àº Á¸Àçµé °¡¿îµ¥ ÀÌÁ¢ÀûÀ¸·Î ÀÚ¸®ÇÏ°Ô µÇ´Â »õ·Î¿î Á¸ÀçÀÎ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ´ÙÀÚ´Â ÀÏÀÚ°¡ µÇ¸ç ±×·¡¼­ ´ÙÀÚ´Â Çϳª¸¸Å­ Áõ°¡µÈ´Ù. Á¸ÀçµéÀº ±× º»¼º»ó Á¢ÇÕÀû ÅëÀÏ·Î ³ª¾Æ°¡´Â °úÁ¤¿¡ À־´Â ÀÌÁ¢ÀûÀÎ <´ÙÀÚ>ÀÎ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ ±Ã±ØÀûÀÎ °ÍÀÇ ¹üÁÖ´Â ¾Æ¸®½ºÅäÅÚ·¹½ºÀÇ <Á¦1½Çü>¶ó´Â ¹üÁÖ¸¦ ´ëüÇÑ´Ù.


26. (xxiv) The functioning of one actual entity in the self-creation of another actual entity is the 'objectification' of the former for the latter actual entity. The functioning of an eternal object in the self-creation of an actual entity is the 'ingression' of the eternal object in the actual entity. (xxv) The final phase in the process of concrescence, constituting an actual entity, is one complex, fully determinate feeling. This final phase is termed the 'satisfaction.' It is fully determinate (a) as to its genesis, (b) as to its objective character for the transcendent creativity, and (c) as to its prehension positive or negative of every item in its universe.

70. (xxiv) Die Wirkungsweise eines wirklichen Einzelwesens in der Selbsterschaffung eines anderen ist seine ›Objektivierung‹ in diesem anderen. Die Wirkungsweise eines zeitlosen Gegenstandes in der Selbsterschaffung eines wirklichen Einzelwesens ist sein ›Eintreten‹.
(xxv) Die letzte Phase in dem Konkretisierungsproze©¬ der ein wirkliches Einzelwesen begründet, ist ein komplexes, vollständig bestimmtes Empfinden. Diese letzte Phase wird ›Erfüllung‹ genannt. Sie ist vollständig bestimmt (a) hinsichtlich ihrer Genese, (b) hinsichtlich ihrer objektiven Bedeutung für die transzendente Kreativität und (c) hinsichtlich ihres – positiven oder negativen – Erfassens jeder Einzelheit in ihrem Universum.

85. xxiv) ÇϳªÀÇ Çö½ÇÀû Á¸Àç°¡ ´Ù¸¥ Çö½ÇÀû Á¸ÀçÀÇ ÀÚ±â âÁ¶¿¡ À־ ±â´ÉÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀº, ÀüÀÚ°¡ ÈÄÀÚÀÇ Çö½ÇÀû Á¸Àç¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© <°´Ã¼È­> µÈ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ÀǹÌÇÑ´Ù. Çö½ÇÀû Á¸ÀçÀÇ ÀÚ±â âÁ¶¿¡ À־ ¿µ¿øÀû °´Ã¼ÀÇ È°µ¿Àº, Çö½ÇÀû Á¸Àç¿¡·ÎÀÇ ¿µ¿øÀû °´Ã¼ÀÇ <ÁøÀÔ>ÀÌ´Ù.
xxv) Çö½ÇÀû Á¸À縦 ±¸¼ºÇÏ´Â ÇÕ»ý °úÁ¤ÀÇ ¸¶Áö¸· À§»óÀº, ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ °áÁ¤µÈ ÇϳªÀÇ º¹ÇÕÀû ´À³¦ÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ ¸¶Áö¸· À§»óÀº <¸¸Á·>À̶ó ºÒ¸°´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº (a) ±× ¹ß»ý°ú °ü·ÃÇÏ¿©, (b) ±× ÃÊ¿ùÀû âÁ¶¼º¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °´Ã¼Àû ¼º°Ý°ú °ü·ÃÇÏ¿©, ±×¸®°í (c) ±× ¿ìÁÖÀÇ ¸ðµç Ç׸ñ ÇϳªÇϳª¿¡ ´ëÇÑ – ±àÁ¤Àû ³»Áö ºÎÁ¤ÀûÀÎ – Æľǰú °ü·ÃÇÏ¿© ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ °áÁ¤µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù.

29. This repudiation directly contradicts Kant's 'First Analogy of Experience' in either of its ways of phrasing ( Ist or 2nd edition). In the philosophy of organism it is not 'substance' which is permanent, but 'form.' Forms suffer changing relations; actual entities 'perpetually perish' subjectively, but are immortal objectively. Actuality in perishing acquires objectivity, while it loses subjective immediacy. It loses the final causation which is its internal principle of unrest, and it acquires efficient causation whereby it is a ground of obligation characterizing the creativity.
Actual occasions in their 'formal' constitutions are devoid of all indetermination. Potentiality has passed into realization. They are complete and determinate matter of fact, devoid of all indecision. They form the ground of obligation. But eternal objects, and propositions, and some more complex sorts of contrasts, involve in their own natures indecision. They are, like all entities, potentials for the process of becoming. Their ingression expresses the definiteness of the actuality in question. But their own natures do not in themselves disclose in what actual entities this potentiality of ingression is realized. Thus they involve indetermination in a sense more complete than do the former set.

76. Diese Zurückweisung widerspricht direkt Kants ›Erster Analogie der Erfahrung‹ in ihren beiden Darstellungsweisen (1. oder 2. Auflage). In der organistischen Philosophie gilt nicht die ›Substanz‹ als dauerhaft, sondern die ›Form‹. Formen unterliegen sich ändernden Relationen ; wirkliche Einzelwesen ›vergehen stetig‹, wenn man sie unter dem Aspekt der Subjektivität betrachtet ; aber objektiv sind sie unsterblich. Die Wirklichkeit erlangt im Vergehen Objektivität, verliert jedoch ihre subjektive Unmittelbarkeit. Sie verliert die Zweckverursachung, ihr inneres Prinzip der Unruhe, und gewinnt dafür die Wirkverursachung, die eine Grundlage der Verbindlichkeit abgibt, aus der die Kreativität ihre Eigenschaften bezieht.
Wirkliche Ereignisse sind ihrer ›formalen‹ Beschaffenheit nach bis ins letzte bestimmt. Potentialität ist in Realisierung übergegangen. Sie sind vollständige und bestimmte Sachverhalte ohne jede Unentschiedenheit und bilden die Grundlage aller Verbindlichkeit. Aber zeitlose Gegenstände, Aussagen und einige komplexere Arten von Kontrasten haben ihrer Natur nach etwas Unentschiedenes. Sie sind, wie alle Einzelwesen, Potentiale für den Proze©¬ des Werdens. Ihr Eintreten bekundet die Abgegrenztheit der jeweiligen Wirklichkeit. Aber ihre Natur zeigt an sich nicht, in welchen wirklichen Einzelwesen diese Potentialität des Eintretens realisiert wird. Daher sind sie in gewissem Sinne noch unbestimmter als die erste Gruppe von Kategorien der Existenz.


92. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ºÎÁ¤Àº Ä­Æ®ÀÇ <°æÇèÀÇ Á¦1À¯Ãß>(¼ø¼öÀ̼ººñÆÇÀÇ Á¦1ÆÇ°ú Á¦2ÆÇ °¡¿îµ¥ ¾î´À ÂÊÀÇ Ç¥Çö¿¡¼­ º¸´õ¶óµµ)¿Í Á÷Á¢ÀûÀ¸·Î ¸ð¼øµÈ´Ù. À¯±âüÀÇ Ã¶Çп¡ ÀÖ¾î ¿µ¼ÓÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº <½Çü>°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó <Çü»ó>ÀÌ´Ù. Çü»óÇÏ´Â º¯È­ÇÏ´Â °ü°è¸¦ °¨¼öÇÑ´Ù. Çö½ÇÀû Á¸Àç´Â ÁÖüÀûÀ¸·Î´Â <²÷ÀÓ¾øÀÌ ¼Ò¸ê>µÇÁö¸¸ °´Ã¼ÀûÀ¸·Î´Â ºÒ¸êÇÑ´Ù. Çö½ÇÅ´ ¼Ò¸êµÉ ¶§ ÁÖüÀû Á÷Á¢¼ºÀ» »ó½ÇÇÏ´Â ¹Ý¸é °´Ã¼¼ºÀ» ȹµæÇÑ´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº ±× ºÒ¾ÈÁ¤ÀÇ ³»Àû ¿ø¸®ÀÎ ¸ñÀûÀÎÀ» »ó½ÇÇÏÁö¸¸ ÀÛ¿ëÀÎÀ» ȹµæÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ ÀÛ¿ëÀÎÀ¸·Î ¸»¹Ì¾Ï¾Æ ±×°ÍÀº âÁ¶¼ºÀ» Ư¡Áþ´Â Á¦¾àÀÇ ±Ù°Å°¡ µÈ´Ù.
Çö½ÇÀû °è±â´Â ±× <Çü»óÀû> ±¸Á¶¿¡ À־´Â ¾î¶°ÇÑ ¹Ì°áÁ¤¼ºµµ °®Áö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. °¡´ÉÅ´ ½ÇÇöµÈ °ÍÀ¸·Î º¯ÇØ ÀÖ´Ù. Çö½ÇÀû °è±â´Â ¾î¶°ÇÑ ¹Ì°á´Ü¼ºµµ Áö´Ï°í ÀÖÁö ¾ÊÀº ¿ÏÀüÇÑ °áÁ¤Àû »çÅÂÀÎ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº Á¦¾àÀÇ ±Ù°Å¸¦ Çü¼ºÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¿µ¿øÀû °´Ã¼, ¸íÁ¦, ¾à°£ÀÇ ÇÑÃþ º¹ÇÕÀûÀÎ Á¾·ùÀÇ ´ëºñ´Â ±× ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ º»¼º ¼Ó¿¡ ¹Ì°á´Ü¼ºÀ» ³»Æ÷ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. À̵éÀº ¸ðµç Á¸Àç°¡ ±×·¸µíÀÌ »ý¼ºÀÇ °úÁ¤¿¡ À־ÀÇ °¡´ÉÅÂÀÎ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×°ÍµéÀÇ ÁøÀÔÀº ¹®Á¦µÇ´Â Çö½ÇÅÂÀÇ ÇÑÁ¤¼ºÀ» Ç¥ÇöÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ±×°Íµé ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ º»¼º ±× ÀÚü¸¸À» ³õ°í º»´Ù¸é, °Å±â¿¡´Â ±×·¯ÇÑ ÁøÀÔÀÇ °¡´ÉÅ°¡ ¾î¶² Çö½ÇÀû Á¸Àç¿¡¼­ ½ÇÇöµÉ °ÍÀΰ¡ ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ µå·¯³ª ÀÖÁö ¾Ê´Ù. ±×·¸±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ±×°ÍµéÀº ±× ¾ÕÀÇ Á¶¿¡ µé¾î ÀÖ´Â Á¸Àçµéº¸´Ùµµ ¾î¶² Àǹ̿¡¼­ ´õ¿í ¿ÏÀüÇÑ ¹Ì°áÁ¤¼ºÀ» ³»Æ÷ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù.


31. THE primordial created fact is the unconditioned conceptual valuation of the entire multiplicity of eternal objects. This is the 'primordial nature' of God. By reason of this complete valuation, the objectification of God in each derivate actual entity results in a graduation of the relevance of eternal objects to the concrescent phases of that derivate occasion. There will be additional ground of relevance for select eternal objects by reason of their ingression into derivate actual entities belonging to the actual world of the concrescent occasion in question. But whether or no this be the case, there is always the definite relevance derived from God. Apart from God, eternal objects unrealized in the actual world would be relatively nonexistent for the concrescence in question. For effective relevance requires agency of comparison, and agency belongs exclusively to actual occasions. This divine ordering is itself matter of fact, thereby conditioning creativity. Thus possibility which transcends realized temporal matter of fact has a real relevance to the creative advance.' God is the primordial creature, but the description of his nature is not exhausted by this conceptual side of it. His 'consequent nature' results from his physical prehensions of the derivative actual entities (cf. Part v).

79. Die uranfänglich geschaffene Tatsache ist die unbedingte begriffliche Wertung der ganzen Vielheit von zeitlosen Gegenständen. Dies ist die ›Urnatur‹ Gottes. Aufgrund dieser vollständigen Wertung führt die Objektivierung Gottes in jedem abgeleiteten wirklichen Einzelwesen zu einer Abstufung der Relevanz zeitloser Gegenstände für die Konkretisierungsphasen dieses abgeleiteten Ereignisses. Einige ausgewählte zeitlose Gegenstände werden durch ihr Eintreten in abgeleitete wirkliche Einzelwesen, die zu der wirklichen Welt des jeweiligen sich konkretisierenden Ereignisses gehören, eine zusätzliche Grundlage der Relevanz haben. Aber auch wenn dies nicht der Fall ist, gibt es immer die eindeutige Relevanz, die sich von Gott herleitet. Abgesehen von Gott wären die zeitlosen Gegenstände, die nicht in der wirklichen Welt realisiert sind, für die jeweilige Konkretisierung relativ inexistent. Effektive Relevanz setzt nämlich die Vermittlung des Vergleichs voraus, und Vermittlung bleibt ausschlie©¬lich den wirklichen Ereignissen vorbehalten. Dieses göttliche Ordnen ist selbst ein Sachverhalt und bedingt daher die Kreativität. Daher hat eine Möglichkeit, die realisierte zeitliche Tatsachen transzendiert, tatsächlich Relevanz für das kreative Fortschreiten. Gott ist das uranfängliche Geschöpf ; aber die Beschreibung seiner Natur erschöpft sich nicht in dieser begrifflichen Seite. Seine ›Folgenatur‹ resultiert aus seinen physisch erfassten Informationen von den abgeleiteten wirklichen Einzelwesen (Vgl. Fünfter Teil).

94. ¿øÃÊÀûÀ¸·Î âÁ¶µÈ »ç½ÇÀº ¿µ¿øÀû °´Ã¼ÀÇ ´Ù¾ç¼º Àüü¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹«Á¦¾àÀûÀÎ °³³äÀû °¡Ä¡Æò°¡ÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ ½ÅÀÇ ¿øÃÊÀû º»¼ºÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ ¿ÏÀüÇÑ °¡Ä¡Æò°¡·Î ¸»¹Ì¾Ï¾Æ °³°³ÀÇ ÆÄ»ýÀûÀÎ Çö½ÇÀû Á¸Àç¿¡ À־ÀÇ ½ÅÀÇ °´Ã¼È­´Â, ±× ÆÄÇàÀûÀÎ °è±âÀÇ ÇÕ»ýÁß¿¡ ÀÖ´Â À§»ó°ú ¿µ¿øÀû °´Ã¼¿ÍÀÇ °ü·Ã¼ºÀÇ µî±ÞÈ­·Î ±ÍÂøµÈ´Ù. ¼±ÅÃµÈ ¿µ¿øÀû °´Ã¼°¡, ÇÕ»ýÁß¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ¹®Á¦ÀÇ °è±âÀÇ Çö½Ç¼¼°è¿¡ ¼ÓÇÏ´Â ÆÄ»ýÀûÀÎ Çö½ÇÀû Á¸Àç·Î ÁøÀÔÇϱ⠶§¹®¿¡, ±× ¿µ¿øÀû °´Ã¼°¡ [ÇÕ»ýÁß¿¡ ÀÖ´Â °è±â¿Í] °ü·Ã¼ºÀ» ¸Î°Ô µÇ´Â ¶Ç ÇϳªÀÇ ±Ù°Å°¡ ÀÖ°Ô µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÇÏ¿©°£ ¿©±â´Â ¾ðÁ¦³ª ½ÅÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ µµÃâµÈ ÀÏÁ¤ÇÑ °ü·Ã¼ºÀÌ ÀÖ°Ô ¸¶·ÃÀÌ´Ù. ½ÅÀ» µµ¿Ü½ÃÇÒ °æ¿ì, Çö½Ç¼¼°è¿¡¼­ ½ÇÇöµÇÁö ¾ÊÀº ¿µ¿øÀû °´Ã¼´Â ¹®Á¦ÀÇ ÇÕ»ý¿¡ ÀÖ¾î »ó´ëÀûÀ¸·Î ºñÁ¸Àç°¡ µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¿Ö³ÄÇϸé Çö½ÇÀû °ü·ÃÀº ºñ±³ÀÇ ÀÛÀÎÀ» ÇÊ¿ä·Î Çϸç, ÀÛÀÎÀº ÀüÀûÀ¸·Î Çö½ÇÀû °è±â¿¡ ¼ÓÇÏ°í Àֱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. ½Å¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ÀÌ Áú¼­È­´Â ±× ÀÚü°¡ ÇϳªÀÇ »çÅÂÀ̸ç, ÀÌ°Í¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Ã¢Á¶¼ºÀ» Á¦¾àÇÑ´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ ½ÇÇöµÈ ½Ã°£Àû »çŸ¦ ÃÊ¿ùÇÏ´Â °¡´É¼ºÀº âÁ¶Àû ÀüÁø°úÀÇ ½ÇÀçÀû °ü·Ã¼ºÀ» °®°Ô µÈ´Ù. ½ÅÀº ¿øÃÊÀûÀÎ ÇÇÁ¶¹°ÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ½ÅÀÇ º»¼º¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±â¼úÀº ±×°ÍÀÌ Áö´Ñ ÀÌ¿Í °°Àº °³³äÀû Ãø¸éÀ» º¸ÀÌ´Â °Í¸¸À¸·Î ¿Ï°áµÇ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. ÆÄ»ýÀûÀÎ Çö½ÇÀû Á¸Àç¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ½ÅÀÇ ¹°¸®Àû Æľǿ¡¼­ ½ÅÀÇ °á°úÀû º»¼ºÀÌ »ý°Ü³­´Ù.

31. 'creativity' is another rendering of the Aristotelian 'matter,' and of the modern 'neutral stuff.' But it is divested of the notion of passive receptivity, either of 'form,' or of external relations; it is the pure notion of the activity conditioned by the objective immortality of the actual world--a world which is never the same twice, though always with the stable element of divine ordering. creativity is without a character of its own in exactly the same sense in which the Aristotelian 'matter' is without a character of its own. It is that ultimate notion of the highest generality at the base of actuality. It cannot be characterized, because all characters are more special than itself. But creativity is always found under conditions, and described as conditioned. The non-temporal act of all-inclusive unfettered valuation is at once a creature of creativity and a condition for creativity. It shares this double character with all creatures. By reason of its character as a creature, always in concrescence and never in the past, it receives a reaction from the world; this reaction is its consequent nature. It is here termed 'God'; because the contemplation of our natures, as enjoying real feelings derived from the timeless source of all order, acquires that 'subjective form' of refreshment and companionship at which religions aim. This function of creatures, that they constitute the shifting character of creativity, is here termed the 'objective immortality' of actual entities. Thus God has objective immortality in respect to his primordial nature and his consequent nature. The objective immortality of his consequent nature is considered later (cf. Part v); we are now concerned with his primordial nature.

79. ›Kreativität‹ ist eine andere Darstellung der aristotelischen ›Materie‹ und des modernen ›neutralen Stoffs‹. Aus ihr wird aber die Vorstellung von passiver Rezeptivität, sei es der ›Form‹ oder der äu©¬eren Relationen, getilgt ; sie enthält nur die Vorstellung von der Aktivität, die auf der objektiven Unsterblichkeit der wirklichen Welt beruht – einer Welt, die nie zweimal dieselbe ist, obwohl sie immer über das feste Element des göttlichen Ordnens verfügt. Kreativität hat in genau demselben Sinne keine selbständigen Eigenschaften wie die aristotelische ›Materie‹. Sie ist der elementare Begriff von höchster Allgemeinheit, auf dem Wirklichkeit basiert. Sie kann nicht charakterisiert werden, da alle Eigenschaften spezieller sind als sie. Aber Kreativität wird immer unter Bedingungen vorgefunden und als bedingt beschrieben. Der nicht-zeitliche Akt allumfassender, ungefesselter Wertung ist zugleich ein Produkt der Kreativität und deren Bedingung. Diesen Doppelcharakter teilt er mit allem Erschaffenen. Aufgrund seiner Eigenschaft als Erschaffenes, das sich immer im Proze©¬ der Konkretisierung und niemals in der Vergangenheit befindet, erfährt er eine Reaktion der Welt ; diese Reaktion ist seine Folgenatur. Sie wird hier als ›Gott‹ bezeichnet, weil das Eingedenken unserer Naturen, indem wir reale, von der zeitlosen Quelle aller Ordnung abgeleitete Empfindungen haben, die ›subjektive Form‹ von Erfrischung und Kameradschaft annimmt, auf die alle Religionen hinzielen.
Diese Funktion des Erschaffenen, den sich verschiebenden Charakter der Kreativität zu begründen, wird hier die ›objektive Unsterblichkeit‹ der wirklichen Einzelwesen genannt. Daher ist Gott seiner uranfänglichen und seiner folgerichtigen Natur nach objektive unsterblich. Die objektive Unsterblichkeit seiner Folgenatur wird später untersucht (Vgl. Fünfter Teil) ; hier wollen wir uns mit seiner Urnatur beschäftigen.

95. <âÁ¶¼º>Àº ¾Æ¸®½ºÅäÅÚ·¹½ºÀÇ <Áú·á> ¹× ±Ù´ëÀÇ <Áß¼ºÀû Áú·á>¸¦ ´Þ¸® Ç¥ÇöÇÑ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÀÌ ¼ú¾î¿¡´Â <Çü»ó>À̶óµçÁö ¿ÜÀû °ü°è¿Í °°Àº °Í¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¼öµ¿Àû ¼ö¿ë¼ºÀÇ °ü³äÀÌ µé¾î ÀÖÁö ¾Ê´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº Çö½Ç¼¼°è – Ç×»ó ½Å¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Áú¼­È­µÈ ¾ÈÁ¤Àû ¿ä¼Ò¸¦ °®´Â´Ù°í´Â Çϳª, °áÄÚ µÎ ¹ø ´Ù½Ã µ¿ÀÏÇÑ °ÍÀÏ ¼ö´Â ¾ø´Â ¼¼°è – ÀÇ °´Ã¼Àû ºÒ¸ê¼º¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Á¦¾àµÇ´Â, ¼ø¼ö È°µ¿ÀÇ °ü³äÀÌ´Ù. ¾Æ¸®½ºÅäÅÚ·¹½ºÀÇ <Áú·á>°¡ ±× ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¼º°ÝÀ» °®Áö ¾Æ´ÏÇÑ °Í°ú ÀüÀûÀ¸·Î µ¿ÀÏÇÑ Àǹ̿¡¼­ âÁ¶¼ºÀº ±× ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¼º°ÝÀ» °®Áö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº Çö½ÇÅÂÀÇ ±ÙÀú¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ÃÖ°íÀÇ ÀϹݼºÀ» Áö´Ñ ±Ã±ØÀû °ü³äÀÌ´Ù. ¼º°ÝÀ̶õ °ÍÀÌ ¸ðµÎ ±×°Íº¸´Ù Ư¼öÇϱ⠶§¹®¿¡, ±×°ÍÀº ¾î¶² ¼º°ÝÀ¸·Îµµ Ư¡Áö¾îÁú ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. âÁ¶¼ºÀº Ç×»ó ¿©·¯ Á¦¾à ¼Ó¿¡¼­ ¹ß°ßµÇ¸ç, Á¦¾àµÈ °ÍÀ¸·Î ±â¼úµÈ´Ù. ¸ðµç °Í¿¡ ¹ÌÄ¥ »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ±× ¾î¶² °Í¿¡ ÀÇÇؼ­µµ ±¸¼Ó¹ÞÁö ¾Ê´Â °¡Ä¡Æò°¡¶ó´Â ºñ½Ã°£Àû ÇàÀ§´Â âÁ¶¼º¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ÇÇÁ¶¹°ÀÎ µ¿½Ã¿¡ âÁ¶¼ºÀ» À§ÇÑ Á¶°ÇÀÌ µÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ ÇàÀ§´Â ±×·¯ÇÑ ÀÌÁßÀû ¼º°ÝÀ» ´Ù¸¥ ¸ðµç ÇÇÁ¶¹°°ú ÇÔ²² °øÀ¯ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÇÇÁ¶¹°·Î¼­ÀÇ ¼º°Ý ¶§¹®¿¡ ±×°ÍÀº ¼¼°è·ÎºÎÅÍ ¹ÝÀÛ¿ëÀ» ¹Þ¾ÆµéÀÌÁö¸¸, ±×°ÍÀº Ç×»ó ÇÕ»ý¿¡ À־ ±×·¯ÇÑ °ÍÀÌÁö, °áÄÚ °ú°Å¿¡ À־ ±×·¯ÇÑ °ÍÀº ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ ¹ÝÀÛ¿ëÀÌ ±× ÇàÀ§ÀÇ °á°úÀû º»¼ºÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº ¿©±â¼­ <½Å>À̶ó°í ºÒ¸°´Ù. ¿Ö³ÄÇÏ¸é ¸ðµç Áú¼­ÀÇ Ãʽð£Àû ¿øõ¿¡¼­ À¯·¡ÇÏ´Â ½ÇÀçÀûÀÎ ´À³¦À» ÇâÀ¯ÇÒ ¶§, ¿ì¸®ÀÇ º»¼º¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °üÀú´Â Á¾±³°¡ ÁöÇâÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ½Å¼±ÇÔ°ú Ä£±³¶ó´Â Àú <ÁÖüÀû Çü½Ä>À» ȹµæÇϱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù.
ÇÇÁ¶¹°Àº âÁ¶¼ºÀÇ º¯È­ÇÏ´Â ¼º°ÝÀ» ±¸¼ºÇÏ°í Àִµ¥, ÇÇÁ¶¹°ÀÇ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ±â´ÉÀº ¿©±â¼­ Çö½ÇÀû Á¸ÀçÀÇ <°´Ã¼Àû ºÒ¸ê¼º>À̶ó ºÒ¸°´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ ½ÅÀº ½ÅÀÇ ¿øÃÊÀû º»¼º°ú °á°úÀû º»¼º¿¡ À־ °´Ã¼Àû ºÒ¸ê¼ºÀ» °®´Â´Ù. ½ÅÀÇ °á°úÀû º»¼ºÀÇ °´Ã¼Àû ºÒ¸ê¼º¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­´Â ³ªÁß¿¡(Á¦ 5ºÎ ÂüÁ¶) °ËÅäµÈ´Ù.¿ì¸®´Â Áö±Ý ½ÅÀÇ ¿øÃÊÀû º»¼ºÀ» ¹®Á¦»ï°í ÀÖ´Ù.


32. Appetition is immediate matter of fact including in itself a principle of unrest, involving realization of what is not and may be. The immediate occasion thereby conditions creativity so as to procure, in the future, physical realization of its mental pole, according to the various valuations inherent in its various conceptual prehensions. All physical experience is accompanied by an appetite for, or against, its continuance: an example is the appetition of self-preservation. But the origination of the novel conceptual prehension has, more especially, to be accounted for. Thirst is an appetite towards a difference towards something relevant, something largely identical, but something with a definite novelty. This is an example at a low level which shows the germ of a free imagination.

81. Streben ist eine unmittelbare Tatsache, die ein Prinzip der Unruhe enthält, zu dem auch die Realisierung dessen gehört, was noch nicht ist, aber sein kann. Dadurch bedingt das unmittelbare Ereignis die Kreativität, um die physische Realisierung seines geistigen Pols, übereinstimmend mit den verschiedenen Wertungen, die in seinen begrifflich erfassten Informationen liegen, in der Zukunft zu ermöglichen. Alle physische Erfahrung wird von einem Streben für oder gegen ihr Andauern begleitet : ein Beispiel hierfür bildet der Selbsterhaltungstrieb. Aber die Entstehung des neuen begrifflichen Erfassens muss auf ganz spezielle Weise erklärt werden. Durst ist ein Sterben nach einer Differenz – nach etwas Relevantem, etwas weitgehend Identischem, aber nach etwas mit einer bestimmten Neuheit. Damit haben wir auf niedriger Ebene ein Beispiel, das auf dem Keim einer freien Phantasie hinweist.

97. ¿å±¸¶õ Áö±ÝÀº ¾øÁö¸¸ ÀÖ°Ô µÉÁöµµ ¸ð¸£´Â °ÍÀÇ ½ÇÇöÀ» ¼ö¹ÝÇÏ´Â ºÒ¾ÈÁ¤ÀÇ ¿ø¸®¸¦ ÀÚ±â ÀڽŠ¼Ó¿¡ °£Á÷ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â Á÷Á¢ÀûÀÎ »çÅÂÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ°Í¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Á÷Á¢Àû °è±â´Â, ¿©·¯ °³³äÀû Æľǿ¡ º»ÁúÀûÀ¸·Î ³»ÀçÇØ ÀÖ´Â ´Ù¾çÇÑ °¡Ä¡ Æò°¡¿¡ µû¶ó, ¹Ì·¡¿¡ ÀÖ¾î ±× Á¤½ÅÀûÀÎ ±ØÀÇ ¹°¸®Àû ½ÇÇöÀ» ´Þ¼ºÇϱâ À§ÇØ Ã¢Á¶¼ºÀ» Á¦¾àÇÑ´Ù. ¸ðµç ¹°¸®Àû °æÇè¿¡´Â ±×°ÍÀ» Áö¼Ó½ÃÅ°·Á°í Çϰųª Áö¼Ó½ÃÅ°Áö ¾ÊÀ¸·Á°í ÇÏ´Â ¿å±¸°¡ ¼ö¹ÝµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. Àڱ⠺¸Á¸ÀÇ ¿å±¸´Â ±× ÇÑ ¿¹°¡ µÈ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª »õ·Î¿î °³³äÀú ÆľÇÀÇ ¼º¸³¿¡ °üÇؼ­´Â º¸´Ù ±íÀÌ ÀÖ´Â ¼³¸íÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù. °¥ÁõÀº Â÷ÀÌ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ – °ü·ÃµÈ ¾î¶² °Í, ´ëü·Î µ¿ÀÏÇÑ ¾î¶² °Í, ±×·¯³ª ¶Ñ·ÇÇÑ »õ·Î¿òÀ» °®´Â ¾î¶² °Í¿¡ ´ëÇÑ – ¿å±¸ÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ´Â ÀÚÀ¯·Î¿î »ó»ó·ÂÀÇ ¹ß¾Æ¸¦ º¸¿©ÁÖ´Â ³·Àº Â÷¿øÀÇ ÇÑ ¿¹°¡ µÈ´Ù.


32. In what sense can unrealized abstract form be relevant? what is its basis of relevance? 'Relevance' must express some real fact of togetherness among forms. The ontological principle can be expressed as: All real togetherness is togetherness in the formal constitution of an actuality. So if there be a relevance of what in the temporal world is unrealized, the relevance must express a fact of togetherness in the formal constitution of a non-temporal actuality. But by the principle of relativity there can only be one non-derivative actuality, unbounded by its prehensions of an actual world. Such a primordial superject of creativity achieves, in its unity of satisfaction, the complete conceptual valuation of all eternal objects. This is the ultimate, basic adjustment of the togetherness of eternal objects on which creative order depends. It is the conceptual adjustment of all appetites in the form of aversions and adversions. It constitutes the meaning of relevance. Its status as an actual efficient fact is recognized by terming it the 'primordial nature of God.'

81. In welchem Sinne kann eine unrealisierte, abstrakte Form relevant sein? Worin besteht die Grundlage der Relevanz? ›Relevanz‹ muss eine reale Tatsache der Gemeinsamkeit zwischen Formen ausdrücken. Das ontologische Prinzip lässt sich folgenderma©¬en formulieren : Alle reale Gemeinsamkeit ist die Gemeinsamkeit in der formalen Beschaffenheit einer Wirklichkeit. Wenn man also von einer Relevanz dessen sprechen will, was in der zeitlichen Welt nicht realisiert ist, muss sie eine Tatsache der Gemeinsamkeit in der formalen Beschaffenheit einer nicht-zeitlichen Wirklichkeit ausdrücken. Nach dem Prinzip der Relativität kann es aber nur eine nicht-abgeleitete Wirklichkeit geben, die nicht durch ihre erfassten Informationen von einer wirklichen Welt begrenzt ist. Ein solches uranfängliches Superjekt der Kreativität erreicht in seiner Einheit der Erfüllung die vollständige begriffliche Wertung aller zeitlosen Gegenstände. Dies ist die elementare, grundlegende Abstimmung der Gemeinsamkeit vom zeitlosen Gegenständen, auf der die kreative Ordnung beruht. Es ist die begriffliche Abstimmung aller Strebungen in Form von Abneigung und Zuneigung. Es begründet die Bedeutung von Relevanz. Sein Status als eine wirkliche, wirkende Tatsache kommt in der Bezeichnung als die ›Urnatur Gottes‹ zum Ausdruck.

97. ¾î¶² Àǹ̿¡¼­ ¾ÆÁ÷ ½ÇÇöµÇÁö ¾ÊÀº Ãß»óÀû Çü»óÀÌ °ü·ÃµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀΰ¡? ±×·¯ÇÑ °ü·Ã¼ºÀÇ Åä´ë´Â ´ëü ¹«¾ùÀΰ¡? <°ü·Ã¼º>Àº ¿©·¯ Çü»ó°£ÀÇ °øÀ缺À̶ó´Â ¾î¶² ½ÇÀçÀûÀÎ »ç½ÇÀ» ¹Ýµå½Ã Ç¥ÇöÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. Á¸Àç·ÐÀû ¿ø¸®´Â ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ Ç¥ÇöµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. Áï ¸ðµç ½ÇÀçÀû °øÀ缺Àº Çö½ÇÅÂÀÇ Çü»óÀû ±¸Á¶ ³»¿¡¼­ÀÇ °øÀ缺À̶ó´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¡¼­ ½Ã°£Àû ¼¼°è¿¡¼­ ½ÇÇöµÇÁö ¾ÊÀº °Í°úÀÇ °ü·Ã¼ºÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù¸é, ±× °ü·Ã¼ºÀº ¹«½Ã°£Àû Çö½ÇÅÂÀÇ Çü»óÀû ±¸Á¶¿¡¼­ÀÇ °øÀ缺À» ³ªÅ¸³»°í ÀÖ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª »ó´ë¼ºÀÇ ¿ø¸®¿¡ µû¶ó, Çö½ÇÀû ¼¼°è¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Æľǿ¡ ÀÇÇØ Á¦¾àµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â ºñÆÄ»ýÀûÀÎ Çö½ÇÅ´ ¿ÀÁ÷ Çϳª°¡ ÀÖÀ» ¼ö ÀÖÀ» »ÓÀÌ´Ù. âÁ¶¼ºÀÇ ÀÌ¿Í °°Àº ¿øÃÊÀûÀÎ ÀÚ±â ÃÊ¿ùü´Â ±× ¸¸Á·À̶ó´Â ÅëÀϼº¿¡ À־, ¸ðµç ¿µ¿øÀû °´Ã¼¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿ÏÀüÇÑ °³³äÀû Æò°¡¸¦ ´Þ¼ºÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº âÁ¶Àû Áú¼­°¡ ÀÇÁ¸ÇÏ´Â ¿µ¿øÀû °´Ã¼µéÀÇ °øÀç¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±Ã±ØÀûÀÌ°íµµ ±âº»ÀûÀÎ Á¶Á¤ÀÌ´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº Çø¿À³ª ¿ªÀÛ¿ëÀ̶ó´Â Çü½Ä¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ¸ðµç ¿å±¸ÀÇ °³³äÀû Á¶ÀýÀÌ´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº °ü·Ã¼ºÀÇ Àǹ̸¦ ±¸¼ºÇÑ´Ù. Çö½ÇÀûÀ¸·Î ÀÛ¿ëÇÏ´Â »ç½Ç·Î¼­ÀÇ ±× ÁöÀ§´Â, ±×°ÍÀ» <½ÅÀÇ ¿øÃÊÀû º»¼º>À̶ó°í ¸í¸íÇÒ ¶§ ºÐ¸íÇØÁö°Ô µÈ´Ù.

43. The ontological principle asserts the relativity of decision; whereby every decision expresses the relation of the actual thing, for which a decision is made, to an actual thing by which that decision is made. But 'decision' cannot be construed as a casual adjunct of an actual entity. It constitutes the very meaning of actuality. An actual entity arises from decisions for it, and by its very existence provides decisions for other actual entities which supersede it. Thus the ontological principle is the first stage in constituting a theory embracing the notions of 'actual entity,' 'givenness,' and 'process.' lust as 'potentiality for process' is the meaning of the more general term 'entity,' or 'thing'; so 'decision' is the additional meaning imported by the word 'actual' into the phrase 'actual entity.' 'Actuality' is the decision amid 'potentiality.' It represents stubborn fact which cannot be evaded. The real Internal constitution of an actual entity progressively constitutes a decision conditioning the creativity which transcends that actuality. The castle Rock at Edinburgh exists from moment to moment, and from century to century, by reason of the decision effected by its own historic route of antecedent occasions. And if, in some vast upheaval of nature, it were shattered into fragments, that convulsion would still be conditioned by the fact that it was the destruction of that rock. The point to be emphasized is the insistent particularity of things experienced and of the act of experiencing. Bradley's doctrine 8 Wolf-Eating-Lamb as a universal qualifying the absolute is a travesty of the evidence. That wolf eat that lamb at that spot at that time: the wolf knew it; the lamb knew it; and the carrion birds knew it. Explicitly in the verbal sentence, or implicitly in the understanding of the subject entertaining it, every expression of a proposition includes demonstrative elements. In fact each word, and each symbolic phrase, is such an element, exciting the conscious prehension of some entity belonging to one of the categories of existence.

116. Á¸Àç·ÐÀû ¿ø¸®´Â °á´ÜÀÇ »ó´ë¼ºÀ» ÁÖÀåÇÑ´Ù. ¿©±â¼­ °á´ÜÀÇ »ó´ë¼ºÀ̶õ, ±×°Í¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­ °á´ÜÀÌ ³»·ÁÁö´Â Çö½ÇÀû »ç¹°°ú ±×°Í¿¡ ÀÇÇؼ­ °á´ÜÀÌ ³»·ÁÁö´Â Çö½ÇÀû »ç¹°°úÀÇ °ü°è¸¦ Ç¥ÇöÇÏ´Â ¸»ÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª <°á´Ü>ÀÌ Çö½ÇÀû Á¸ÀçÀÇ ÀϽÃÀûÀÎ ºÎ¼Ó¹°°ú °°Àº °ÍÀ¸·Î ÀÌÇصǾ´Â ¾ÈµÈ´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº Çö½ÇÅ ±× ÀÚüÀÇ Àǹ̸¦ ÀÌ·ç°í ÀÖ´Ù. Çö½ÇÀû Á¸Àç´Â ±×°ÍÀ» À§ÇØ ÁÖ¾îÁø ¿©·¯ °á´Ü¿¡¼­ »ý°Ü³ª¸ç, ¹Ù·Î ±× ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ÇöÁ¸¿¡ ÀÇÇØ, ±×°Í ´ÙÀ½¿¡ ¿À´Â Çö½ÇÀû Á¸ÀçµéÀ» À§ÇÑ °á´ÜÀ» Á¦°øÇÑ´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ Á¸Àç·ÐÀû ¿ø¸®´Â <Çö½ÇÀû Á¸Àç>¿Í <¼Ò¿©¼º> ¹× <°úÁ¤>ÀÇ °³³äÀ» Æ÷°ýÇÏ´Â ÇϳªÀÇ ÀÌ·ÐÀ» ±¸¼ºÇÔ¿¡ ÀÖ¾î ù´Ü°è°¡ µÈ´Ù. <°úÁ¤À» À§ÇÑ °¡´ÉÅÂ>°¡ <Á¸Àç>¶óµçÁö <»ç¹°>°ú °°Àº ÀϹÝÀû ¿ë¾îÀÇ Àǹ̰¡ µÇµíÀÌ, <°á´Ü>Àº<Çö½ÇÀû>À̶ó´Â ¸»ÀÌ <Çö½ÇÀû Á¸Àç>¶ó´Â Ç¥Çö ¼Ó¿¡ ²ø¾îµéÀÎ ºÎ°¡Àû Àǹ̰¡ µÈ´Ù. <Çö½ÇÅÂ>¶õ <°¡´ÉÅÂ>ÀÇ ÇѺ¹ÆÇ¿¡¼­ÀÇ °á´ÜÀÌ´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº ÇÇÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø°í ±ÁÈú ¼ö ¾ø´Â ¾ö¿¬ÇÑ »ç½ÇÀ» ³ªÅ¸³½´Ù. Çö½ÇÀû Á¸ÀçÀÇ ½ÇÀçÀûÀÎ ³»Àû ±¸Á¶´Â, Çö½ÇŸ¦ ÃÊ¿ùÇϴ âÁ¶¼ºÀ» Á¦¾àÇÏ´Â °á´ÜÀ» ±¸¼ºÇØ ³ª¾Æ°£´Ù. ¿¡µò¹ö·¯ ¼º°ûÀÇ º®µ¹Àº, ±× ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¿ª»çÀû °æ·Î¿¡ ÀÖ¾î ¼±ÇàÇÏ´Â ¿©·¯ °è±â¿¡ ´ëÇØ ³»·ÁÁø °á´Ü¿¡ ±Ù°ÅÇÏ¿© ¼ø°£¼ø°£ Á¸ÀçÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ» »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ¿©·¯ ¼¼±â¿¡ °ÉÃÄ Á¸ÀçÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×¸®°í ¸¸ÀÏ ¾î¶² ÀÚ¿¬ÀÇ °Å´ëÇÑ ´ëº¯µ¿À¸·Î ¸»¹Ì¾Ï¾Æ ±×°ÍÀÌ »ê»êÁ¶°¢³­´Ù°í ÇÏ´õ¶óµµ, ±× ´ë°Ýº¯Àº ±×°ÍÀÌ ±× ¾Ï¼®ÀÇ Æı«¿´´Ù´Â »ç½Ç¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¿©ÀüÈ÷ ÇÑÁ¤µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. °­Á¶ÇØ¾ß ÇÒ Á¡Àº °æÇèµÇ´Â »ç¹°°ú °æÇèÇÏ´Â ÇàÀ§ÀÇ Áý¿äÇÑ Æ¯¼ö¼ºÀÌ´Ù. ºê·¡µé¸®ÀÇ Çм³ – Áï ´Á´ë°¡ ¾î¸° ¾çÀ» Àâ¾Æ¸Ô´Â °ÍÀ», Àý´ëÀÚ¸¦ ±ÔÁ¤ÇÏ´Â ÇϳªÀÇ º¸ÆíÀÚ·Î °£ÁÖÇÏ´Â – Àº ÀÌ ºÐ¸íÇÑ »ç½Ç¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °îÇØÀÌ´Ù. ±× ´Á´ë´Â ±× ¾çÀ» ±× ½Ã°£ ±× ÁöÁ¡¿¡¼­ Àâ¾Æ¸Ô¾ú´Ù. ±× ´Á´ë´Â ±×°ÍÀ» ¾Ë°í ÀÖ¾ú°í, ±× ¾î¸° ¾çµµ ±×°ÍÀ» ¾Ë°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ±×¸®°í µ¶¼ö¸®µµ ±×°ÍÀ» ¾Ë°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ¸íÁ¦ÀÇ ¸ðµç Ç¥ÇöÀº, ±×°ÍÀÌ ¹®ÀåÀ¸·Î Ç¥ÇöµÈ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â ¸í½ÃÀûÀ¸·Î, ±×¸®°í ±×°ÍÀ» ¸Ó¸´¼Ó¿¡¼­ »ý°¢ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ÁÖüÀÇ ÀÌÇØ °¡¿îµ¥¼­´Â Àº¿¬Áß¿¡ Áö½ÃÀû ¿ä¼Ò¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. »ç½Ç»ó ÇϳªÇϳªÀÇ ¸»°ú ÇϳªÇϳªÀÇ »ó¡Àû Ç¥ÇöÀº Á¸ÀçÀÇ ¾î´À ÇÑ ¹üÁÖ¿¡ ¼ÓÇÏ´Â ¾î¶² Á¸Àç¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀǽÄÀû ÆľÇÀ» ȯ±â½ÃÅ°´Â ±×·± ¿ä¼ÒÀÎ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

84. Thus the notion of 'order' is bound up with the notion of an actual entity as involving an attainment which is a specific satisfaction This satisfaction is the attainment of something individual to the entity in question. It cannot be construed as a component contributing to its own concrescence; it is the ultimate fact, individual to the entity. The notion of 'satisfaction' is the notion of the 'entity as concrete' abstracted from the process of concrescence ; it is the outcome separated from the process, thereby losing the actuality of the atomic entity, which is both process and outcome. 'Satisfaction' provides the individual element in the composition of the actual entity that element which has led to the definition: of substance as requiring nothing but itself in order to exist.' But the 'satisfaction' is the 'superject' rather than the 'substance' or the 'subject.' It closes up the entity; and yet is the superject adding its character to the creativity whereby there is a becoming of entities superseding the one in question. The 'formal' reality of the actuality in question belongs to its process of concrescence and not to its 'satisfaction.' This is the sense in which the philosophy of organism interprets Plato's phrase 'and never really is'; for the superject can only be interpreted in terms of its 'objective immortality.

184. µû¶ó¼­ <Áú¼­>¶ó´Â °³³äÀº Ư¼öÇÑ ¸¸Á·À̶ó´Â ¾î¶² ´Þ¼ºÀ» ³»Æ÷ÇÑ Çö½ÇÀû Á¸ÀçÀÇ °³³ä°ú ¹ÐÁ¢ÇÑ °ü°è°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ ¸¸Á·Àº ¹®Á¦µÇ´Â Á¸Àç¿¡ ÀÖ¾î °³Ã¼ÀûÀÎ °ÍÀÇ ´Þ¼ºÀ» ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº Çö½ÇÀû Á¸Àç ÀÚüÀÇ ÇÕ»ý¿¡ ±â¿©ÇÏ´Â ±¸¼º ¿ä¼Ò¶ó°í Çؼ®µÇ¾î¼­´Â ¾ÈµÈ´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº ±× Á¸Àç¿¡ ÀÖ¾î °³Ã¼ÀûÀÎ ±Ã±ØÀû »ç½ÇÀÎ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. <¸¸Á·>À̶ó´Â °³³äÀº <ÇÕ»ýÀÇ °úÁ¤>À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ Ãß»óµÈ <ÀÀ°áü·Î¼­ÀÇ Á¸Àç>¶ó´Â °³³äÀÌ´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº °úÁ¤À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ À¯¸®µÈ. ±×·¡¼­ °úÁ¤ÀÎ µ¿½Ã¿¡ °á½ÇÀÎ ¿øÀÚÀû Á¸ÀçÀÇ Çö½Ç¼ºÀ» »ó½ÇÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â °á°ú¹°ÀÌ´Ù. <¸¸Á·>ÀÌ Á¦°øÇØ ÁÖ´Â °ÍÀº ±× Çö½ÇÀû Á¸ÀçÀÇ ±¸¼º¿¡ À־ÀÇ °³Ã¼Àû ¿ä¼Ò – <Á¸ÀçÇϱâ À§Çؼ­ ±× ÀڽŠÀÌ¿Ü¿¡ ¾Æ¹«°Íµµ ÇÊ¿ä·Î ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â> °ÍÀ¸·Î ½Çü¸¦ Á¤ÀÇÇÏ°Ô Çß´ø Àú ¿ä¼Ò – ÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª <¸¸Á·>Àº <½Çü>³ª <ÁÖü>¶ó±âº¸´Ù´Â ¿ÀÈ÷·Á <ÀÚ±â ÃÊ¿ùü>ÀÌ´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº ±× Á¸À縦 ¸¶°¨ÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯¸é¼­µµ ±×°ÍÀº ¹®Á¦ÀÇ Á¸Àç¿¡ ´ëüµÇ´Â Á¸ÀçµéÀÇ »ý¼ºÀ» °¡´ÉÄÉ Çϴ âÁ¶¼º¿¡ ±× ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Æ¯¼ºÀ» ºÎ°úÇÏ´Â ÀÚ±â ÃÊ¿ùüÀÌ´Ù. ¹®Á¦ÀÇ Çö½ÇÅ°¡ °®´Â <Çü»óÀû> ½ÇÀ缺Àº ±× ÇÕ»ý °úÁ¤¿¡ ¼ÓÇϸç <¸¸Á·>¿¡ ¼ÓÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. À¯±âüÀÇ Ã¶ÇÐÀº <°áÄÚ ÂüÀ¸·Î Á¸ÀçÇÏ´Â ¹ýÀÌ ¾ø´Ù>¶ó´Â ÇöóÅæÀÇ ¸»À» ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Àǹ̷ΠÇؼ®ÇÑ´Ù. ¿Ö³ÄÇϸé ÀÚ±â ÃÊ¿ùü´Â ±× <°´Ã¼Àû ºÒ¸ê¼º>¿¡ ÀÇÇؼ­¸¸ Çؼ®µÉ ¼ö Àֱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù.

85. 'Satisfaction' is a generic term: there are specific differences between the 'satisfactions' of different entities, including gradations of intensity. These specific differences can only be expressed by the analysis of the components in the concrescence out of which the actual entity arises. The intensity of satisfaction is promoted by the 'order' in the phases from which concrescence arises and through which it passes; it is enfeebled by the 'disorder.' The components in the concrescence are thus 'values' contributory to the 'satisfaction'. The concrescence is thus the building up of a determinate 'satisfaction,' which constitutes the completion of the actual togetherness of the discrete components. The process of concrescence terminates with the attainment of a fully determinate 'satisfaction'; and the creativity thereby passes over into the 'given' primary phase for the concrescence of other actual entities. This transcendence is thereby established when there is attainment of determinate 'satisfaction' completing the antecedent entity. Completion is the perishing of immediacy": 'It never really is. '

185. <¸¸Á·>À̶ó´Â ¸»Àº À¯ÀûÀÎ ¼ú¾îÀÌ´Ù. ´Ù¾çÇÑ µî±ÞÀÇ °­µµ¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â »óÀÌÇÑ Á¸ÀçµéÀÇ ¸¸Á·µé »çÀÌ¿¡´Â Ư¼öÇÑ Â÷ÀÌ°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. À̵é Ư¼öÇÑ Â÷ÀÌ´Â, Çö½ÇÀû Á¸Àç°¡ »ý°Ü³ª´Â ±¸¼º ¿ä¼Òµé¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ºÐ¼®¿¡ ÀÇÇؼ­ Ç¥ÇöµÉ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» »ÓÀÌ´Ù. ¸¸Á·ÀÇ °­µµ´Â, ÇÕ»ýÀÌ »ý°Ü³ª°í Åë°úÇÏ´Â ¿©·¯ À§»ó¿¡ À־ÀÇ Áú¼­¿¡ ÀÇÇØ °­È­µÇ°í, <¹«Áú¼­>¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¾àÈ­µÈ´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ ÇÕ»ýÀÇ ±¸¼º ¿ä¼ÒµéÀº <¸¸Á·>¿¡ ±â¿©ÇÏ´Â °¡Ä¡µéÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ·± ½ÄÀ¸·Î ÇÕ»ýÀº Èð¾îÁ® ÀÖ´Â ±¸¼º ¿ä¼ÒµéÀ» Çö½ÇÀûÀÎ °øÀ缺À¸·Î ¿Ï¼º½ÄÅ°´Â °áÁ¤Àû ¸¸Á·À» ±¸ÃàÇØ °£´Ù. ÀÌ ÇÕ»ýÀÇ °úÁ¤Àº ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ °áÁ¤ÀûÀÎ <¸¸Á·>ÀÇ ´Þ¼ºÀ¸·Î Á¾°áµÈ´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ ±×·³À¸·Î½á âÁ¶ÀûÀº ´Ù¸¥ Çö½ÇÀû Á¸ÀçÀÇ ÇÕ»ýÀ» À§ÇØ <ÁÖ¾îÁø> ÃÖÃÊÀÇ À§»óÀ¸·Î ³Ñ¾î°£´Ù. ÀÌ ÃÊ¿ùÀº ¼±ÇàÇÏ´Â Á¸À縦 ¿Ï°á½ÃÅ°´Â °áÁ¤ÀûÀÎ <¸¸Á·>ÀÌ ´Þ¼ºµÉ ¶§ È®¸³µÈ´Ù. ¿Ï°áÀº Á÷Á¢¼ºÀÇ ¼Ò¸êÀÌ´Ù. <±×°ÍÀº °áÄÚ ÂüÀ¸·Î Á¸ÀçÇÏ´Â ¹ýÀÌ ¾ø´Ù>.

85. No actual entity can be conscious of its own satisfaction; for such knowledge would be a component in the process, and would thereby alter the satisfaction. In respect to the entity in question the satisfaction can only be considered as a creative determination, by which the objectifications of the entity beyond itself are settled In other words the satisfaction of an entity can only be discussed in terms of the usefulness of that entity. It is a qualification of creativity. The tone of feeling embodied in this satisfaction passes into the world beyond, by reason of these objectifications. The world is self-creative; and the actual entity as self-creating creature passes into its immortal function of part-creator of the transcendent world. In its self-creation the actual entity is guided by its ideal of itself as individual satisfaction and as transcendent creator. The enjoyment of this ideal is the 'subjective aim,' by reason of which the actual entity is a determinate process.

185. ¾î¶°ÇÑ Çö½ÇÀû Á¸Àçµµ ±× ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¸¸Á·À» ÀǽÄÇÏÁö´Â ¸øÇÑ´Ù. ¿Ö³ÄÇÏ¸é ±×·² °æ¿ì ±×¿Í °°Àº ÀνÄÀº ±× °úÁ¤ÀÇ ±¸¼º ¿ä¼Ò°¡ µÉ °ÍÀÌ°í ¶Ç ±×·¸°Ô µÊÀ¸·Î½á ¸¸Á·À» º¯°æ½ÃÅ°°Ô µÉ °ÍÀ̱⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. ¹®Á¦ÀÇ ±× Á¸À縦 ³õ°í º»´Ù¸é Áö±Ý ¸»ÇÑ ¸¸Á·Àº, ±× Á¸À縦 ³Ñ¾î¼­¼­ ±× Á¸Àç ÀÚü¸¦ °´Ã¼È­½ÃÅ°´Â ÇϳªÀÇ Ã¢Á¶Àû °áÁ¤À¸·Î¼­¸¸ °íÂûµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ´Þ¸® ¸»Çϸé, ÇÑ Á¸ÀçÀÇ <¸¸Á·>Àº±× Á¸ÀçÀÇ À¯¿ë¼ºÀÇ °ßÁö¿¡¼­¸¸ ³íÀÇµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº âÁ¶¼ºÀÇ Á¦¾à Á¶°ÇÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ ¸¸Á· °¡¿îµ¥¿¡¼­ ±¸ÇöµÇ´Â ´À³¦ÀÇ »öÁ¶´Â ÀÌ¿Í °°Àº °´Ã¼È­¸¦ ÅëÇؼ­ ÃÊ¿ùÀû ¼¼°è·Î ¿Å°Ü°£´Ù. ¼¼°Ô´Â ÀÚ±â âÁ¶ÀûÀÌ´Ù. ±×¸®°í ÀÚ±â âÁ¶ÀûÀÎ ÇÇÁ¶¹°·Î¼­ÀÇ Çö½ÇÀû Á¸Àç´Â ÃÊ¿ùÀû ¼¼°èÀÇ °øµ¿ âÁ¶ÀÚ¶ó´Â ºÒ¸êÀûÀÎ ±â´ÉÀ¸·Î ¹Ù²ï´Ù. ÀÚ±â âÁ¶¿¡ ÀÖ´Â Çö½ÇÀû Á¸Àç´Â °³Ã¼Àû ¸¸Á·°ú ÃÊ¿ùÀû âÁ¶Àڷμ­ÀÇ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ÀÌ»ó¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ÀεµµÈ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ÀÌ»óÀ» ÇâÀ¯ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ <ÁÖüÀû ÁöÇâ>À̸ç, ÀÌ ¶§¹®¿¡ Çö½ÇÀû Á¸Àç´Â ÇϳªÀÌ °áÁ¤ÀûÀÎ °úÁ¤ÀÌ µÇ°í ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

87. The 'objectifications' of the actual entities in the actual world, relative to a definite actual entity, constitute the efficient causes out of which that actual entity arises; the 'subjective aim' at 'satisfaction' constitutes the final cause, or lure, whereby there is determinate concrescence; and that attained 'satisfaction' remains as an element in the content of creative purpose. There is, in this way, transcendence of the creativity; and this transcendence effects determinate objectifications for the renewal of the process in the concrescence of actualities beyond that satisfied superject.

189. ÇϳªÀÇ ÀÏÁ¤ÇÑ Çö½ÇÀû Á¸Àç¿Í °ü·ÃÇÑ, Çö½Ç ¼¼°èÀÇ Çö½ÇÀû Á¸ÀçµéÀÇ <°´Ã¼È­>´Â ±× Çö½ÇÀû Á¸À縦 »ý°Ü³ª°Ô ÇÏ´Â ÀÛ¿ëÀÎÀÌ µÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù. <¸¸Á·>À» ³ë¸®´Â <ÁÖüÀû ÁöÇâ>Àº ¸ñÀûÀÎ ³»Áö À¯È¤À» ÀÌ·ç¸ç, ÀÌ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ °áÁ¤ÀûÀÎ ÇÕ»ýÀÌ ÀÖ°Ô µÈ´Ù. ±×¸®°í Àú ´Þ¼ºµÈ <¸¸Á·>Àº âÁ¶Àû ¸ñÀûÀÇ ³»¿ë °¡¿îµ¥ ÇÑ ¿ä¼Ò·Î¼­ Á¸¼ÓµÈ´Ù. ÀÌ·± ¹æ½ÄÀ¸·Î âÁ¶¼ºÀÇ ÃÊ¿ùÀÌ ÀÖ°Ô µÈ´Ù. ±×¸®°í ÀÌ ÃÊ¿ùÀº ¸¸Á¶µÈ ÀÚ±â ÃÊ¿ùü¸¦ ³Ñ¾î¼­´Â Çö½ÇÅÂÀÇ ÇÕ»ý¿¡ ÀÖ¾î °úÁ¤ÀÇ °»½ÅÀ» À§ÇÑ °áÁ¤ÀûÀÎ °´Ã¼È­¸¦ ³º´Â´Ù.

87. Thus an actual entity has a threefold character: (i) it has the character ¡®given¡¯ for it by the past; (ii) it has the subjective character aimed at in its process of concrescence ; (iii) it has the superjective character, which is the pragmatic value of its specific satisfaction qualifying the transcendent creativity.
In the case of the primordial casual entity, which is God, there is no past. Thus the ideal realization of conceptual feeling takes the precedence. God differs from other actual entities in the fact that Hume¡¯s principle, of the derivate character of conceptual feelings, does not hold for him. There is still, however, the same threefold character: (i) The ¡®primordial nature¡¯ of God is the concrescence of a unity of conceptual feelings, including among their data all eternal objects into relevant lures of feelings severally appropriate for all realizable basic conditions. (ii) The ¡®consequent nature¡¯ of God is the physical prehension by God of the actualities of the evolving universe. His primordial nature directs such perspectives of objectification that each novel actuality in the temporal world contributes such elements as it can to a realization in God free from inhibitions of intensity by reason of discordance. (iii) The ¡®superjective nature¡¯ of God is the character of the pragmatic value of his specific satisfaction qualifying the transcendent creativity in the various temporal instances.
This is the conception of God, according to which he is considered as the outcome of creativity, as the foundation of order, and as the goad towards novelty. ¡®Order¡¯ and ¡®novelty¡¯ are but the instruments of his subjective aim which is the intensification of ¡®formal immediacy.¡¯ It is to be noted that every actual entity, including God, is a creature transcended by the creativity which it qualifies. A temporal occasion in respect to the second element of its character, and God in respect to the first element of his character satisfy Spinoza¡¯s definition of substance, that it is causa sui. To be causa sui means that the process of concrescence is its own reason for the decision in respect to the qualitative clothing of feelings. It is finally responsible for the decision by which any lure for feeling is admitted to efficiency. The freedom inherent in the universe is constituted by this element self-causation.
In the subsequent discussion, ¡®actual entity¡¯ will be taken to mean a conditioned actual entity of the temporal world, unless God is expressly included in the discussion. The term ¡®actual occasion¡¯ will always exclude God from its scope.

174. Daher hat ein wirkliches Einzelwesen drei Eigenschaften: (i) es hat die Eigenschaft, die ihm durch die Vergangenheit »gegeben« ist; (ii) es hat die subjektive Eigenschaft, auf die es in seinem Konkretisierungsproze©¬ hinzielt ; (iii) und es hat die superjektive Eigenschaft, die der pragmatische Wert seiner spezifischen Erfüllung ist, die die transzendente Kreativität qualifiziert.
Im Falle des uranfänglichen wirklichen Einzelwesens, Gottes, gibt es keine Vergangenheit. Daher nimmt die ideale Realisierung des begrifflichen Empfindens den Vorrang ein. Gott unterscheidet sich von anderen wirklichen Einzelwesen aufgrund der Tatsache, dass Humes Prinzip der der abgeleiteten Eigenschaft begrifflicher Empfindungen für ihn nicht gilt. Dennoch bleibt es bei den drei Eigenschaften : (i) Die »Urnatur« Gottes ist die Konkretisierung einer Einheit begrifflicher Empfindungen, zu deren Daten auch alle zeitlosen Gegenstände gehören. Die Konkretisierung wird von dem subjektiven Ziel geleitet, die subjektiven Formen der Empfindungen mögen so beschaffen sein, dass sie die zeitlosen Gegenstände zu relevanten Anreizen des Empfindens werden lassen, die ohne Ausnahme allen realisierbaren Grundbedingungen angemessen sind. (ii) Die »Folgenatur« Gottes ist das physische Erfassen der Wirklichkeiten des entstehenden Universums durch Gott. Seine Urnatur dirigiert die Perspektiven der Objektivierung dergestalt, dass jede neue Wirklichkeit in der zeitlichen Welt die ihr möglichen Elemente zu einer Realisierung in Gott beiträgt, die frei ist von Verhinderungen der Intensität durch Missklang. (iii) Die »superjektive« Natur Gottes ist die Eigenschaft des pragmatischen Werts seiner spezifischen Erfüllung, die die transzendente Kreativität in den verschiedenen zeitlichen Beispielen qualifiziert.
Dies ist die Konzeption Gottes, nach der er als die Folge der Kreativität, als die Grundlage von Ordnung und als der Ansporn zum Neuen angesehen wird. »Ordnung« und »Neues« sind nur die Instrumente seines subjektiven Ziels, das in der Intensivierung »formaler Unmittelbarkeit« besteht. Anzumerken ist, dass jedes wirkliche Einzelwesen, auch Gott, um seiner selbst willen etwas Individuelles verkörpert ; und dadurch transzendiert es die übrige Wirklichkeit. Überdies ist zu beachten, dass jedes wirkliche Einzelwesen, Gott eingeschlossen, ein Gebilde ist, das von der Kreativität, die es qualifiziert, transzendiert wird. Ein zeitliches Ereignis erfüllt hinsichtlich seiner zweiten Eigenschaft – und Gott hinsichtlich seiner ersten – Spinozas Definition der Substanz, die causa sui ist. Causa sui zu sein bedeutet, dass der Konkretisierungsprozess seine eigene Grundlage für die Entscheidung, durch welche irgendein Anreiz für das Empfinden Wirksamkeit erlangen kann. Die dem Universum inhärente Freiheit beruht auf diesem Element der Selbst-Verursachung.
In der anschlie©¬enden Diskussion wird »wirkliches Einzelwesen« als ein bedingtes wirkliches Einzelwesen der zeitlichen Welt verstanden, solange nicht ausdrücklich von Gott die Rede ist. Der Terminus »wirkliches Ereignis« wird sich niemals auf Gott beziehen.

189. µû¶ó¼­ Çö½ÇÀû Á¸Àç´Â ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº »ïÁßÀûÀÎ ¼º°ÝÀ» °®´Â´Ù. Áï  i) ±×°ÍÀº °ú°Å¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ±×°Í¿¡ <ÁÖ¾îÁø> ¼º°ÝÀ» °®´Â´Ù. ii) ±×°ÍÀº ÇÕ»ýÀÇ °úÁ¤¿¡¼­ ÁöÇâÇÏ´Â ¹ÙÀÇ ÁÖüÀû ¼º°ÝÀ» °®´Â´Ù. iii) ±×°ÍÀº ÃÊ¿ùÀûÀΠâÁ¶¼ºÀ» ±ÔÁ¤ÇÏ´Â, Ư¼öÇÑ ¸¸Á·ÀÇ ½Ç¿ëÀû °¡Ä¡ÀÎ ÀÚ±â ÃÊ¿ùÀû ¼º°ÝÀ» °®´Â´Ù.
<¿øÃÊÀûÀÎ> Çö½ÇÀû Á¸Àç – ÀÌ´Â ½ÅÀÌ´Ù – ÀÇ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â °ú°Å°¡ ¾ø´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ °³³äÀû ´À³¦ÀÇ ÀÌ»óÀûÀÎ ½ÇÇöÀÌ ¼±ÇàÇÑ´Ù. ½ÅÀÌ ´Ù¸¥ Çö½ÇÀû Á¸Àç¿Í ´Ù¸¥ ±î´ßÀº, °³³äÀû ´À³¦ÀÇ ÆÄ»ýÀû ¼º°Ý¿¡ °üÇÑ ÈâÀÇ ¿øÄ¢ÀÌ ½Å¿¡°Ô´Â Àû¿ëµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù´Â »ç½Ç¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª °Å±â¿¡µµ ¿©ÀüÈ÷ µ¿ÀÏÇÑ »ïÁßÀûÀÎ ¼º°ÝÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. Áï i) ½ÅÀÇ <¿øÃÊÀû º»¼º>Àº, ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¿©°Ç ¼Ó¿¡ ¸ðµç ¿µ¿øÀû °´Ã¼¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ´Â °³³äÀû ´À³¦ÀÇ ÅëÀÏÀû ÇÕ»ýÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ ÇÕ»ýÀº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº ÁÖüÀû ÁöÇâ¿¡ ÀÇÇؼ­ ±× ¹æÇâÀÌ ÀâÇôÁø´Ù. Áï ´À³¦ÀÇ ÁÖüÀû Çü½ÄµéÀº ¿µ¿øÀû °´Ã¼µé·ÎºÎÅÍ ¸ðµç ½ÇÇö °¡´ÉÇÑ ±âÃÊÁ¶°Ç¿¡ °¢±â ÀûÀýÇÑ, ´À³¦ÀÇ °ü·ÃµÈ ¿©·¯ À¯È¤À» ±¸¼ºÇس¾ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ±×·± ¼º°ÝÀÇ °ÍÀ̾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù.  ii) ½ÅÀÇ <°á°úÀû º»¼º>Àº ÁøÈ­ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ¿ìÁÖÀÇ Çö½ÇÅ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ½ÅÀÇ ¹°¸®Àû ÆľÇÀ» ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. ½ÅÀÇ ¿øÃÊÀû º»¼ºÀº °´Ã¼È­ÀÇ ¿©·¯ Àü¸ÁÀ» Á¦½ÃÇÑ´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ ½Ã°£Àû ¼¼°è ³»ÀÇ »õ·Î¿î Çö½ÇÅ°¡ Àú¸¶´Ù °¡´ÉÇÑ ´ë·Î Á¦°øÇÏ´Â ¿ä¼ÒµéÀº ºÎÁ¶È­¿¡ µû¸£´Â °­µµÀÇ Á¦ÇÑÀ» ¹ÞÁö ¾Ê°í ½Å ¾È¿¡¼­ ½ÇÇöµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. iii) ½ÅÀÇ <ÀÚ±â ÃÊ¿ùÀû º»¼º>Àº, °®°¡Áö ½Ã°£ÀûÀÎ »ç·Êµé ¼Ó¿¡¼­ ÃÊ¿ùÀû âÁ¶¼ºÀ» ±ÔÁ¤ÇÏ´Â ½ÅÀÇ Æ¯¼öÇÑ ¸¸Á·ÀÌ °¡Áö´Â ½Ç¿ëÀû °¡Ä¡ÀÇ ¼º°ÝÀ» ¸»ÇÑ´Ù.
ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ ½ÅÀÇ °³³äÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ °³³ä¿¡ µû¸¥´Ù¸é ½ÅÀº âÁ¶¼ºÀÇ »ê¹°·Î, Áú¼­ÀÇ ±â¹ÝÀ¸·Î, ±×¸®°í »õ·Î¿òÀÇ Àڱع°·Î »ý°¢µÈ´Ù. <Áú¼­>¿Í <»õ·Î¿ò>À̶õ <Çü»óÀû Á÷Á¢¼º>À» °­È­ÇÏ´Â, ½ÅÀÇ ÁÖüÀû ÁöÇâÀÇ µµ±¸¿¡ Áö³ªÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ½ÅÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ ¸ðµç Çö½ÇÀû Á¸Àç´Â ±× ÀÚ½ÅÀ» À§ÇÑ ¾î¶² °³Ã¼ÀûÀÎ °ÍÀ̸ç, ±×·¸±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ±×°ÍÀº ±× ¹ÛÀÇ Çö½ÇŸ¦ ÃÊ¿ùÇÑ´Ù´Â Á¡¿¡ ÁÖ¸ñÇÒ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ±×¸®°í ½ÅÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ ¸ðµç Çö½ÇÀû Á¸Àç´Â ±×°ÍÀÌ ÇÑÁ¤Çϴ âÁ¶¼º¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ÃÊ¿ùµÈ ÇÇÁ¶¹°À̶ó´Â Á¡¿¡µµ ÁÖ¸ñÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ±× ¼º°ÝÀÇ µÑ° ¿ä¼Ò¿¡¼­ º» ½Ã°£Àû °è±â¿Í ±× ¼º°ÝÀÇ Ã¹Â° ¿ä¼Ò¿¡¼­ º» ½ÅÀº, ½Çü¶õ Àڱ⠿øÀÎÀ̶ó°í ÇÏ´Â ½ºÇdzëÀÚÀÇ ½Çü¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¤ÀǸ¦ ÃæÁ·½ÃŲ´Ù. Àڱ⠿øÀÎÀ̶õ, ÇÕ»ýÀÇ °úÁ¤ÀÌ, ´À³¦µé·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø ÁúÀûÀÎ °÷À» ÀÔ´Â °Í°ú °ü·ÃµÈ °á´ÜÀ» ³»¸²¿¡ ÀÖ¾î ±× ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ ±× °á´ÜÀÇ ±Ù°Å°¡ µÈ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ÀǹÌÇÑ´Ù. ÇÕ»ýÀÇ °úÁ¤Àº ¾î¶°ÇÑ ´À³¦ÀÇ À¯È¤ÀÌ°Ç À̸¦ À¯È¿ÇÏ°Ô ¸¸µå´Â Àú °á´Ü¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ±Ã±ØÀûÀ¸·Î Ã¥ÀÓÀÌ ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¿ìÁÖ¿¡ ³»ÀçÇÏ´Â ÀÚÀ¯´Â ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Àڱ⠿øÀÎÀÇ ¿ä¼Ò·Î ±¸¼ºµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù.
ÀÌ ¾ÕÀ¸·ÎÀÇ ³íÀÇÇؼ­ <Çö½ÇÀû Á¸Àç>¶ó´Â ¸»Àº, ½ÅÀÌ ±× ³íÀÇ¿¡ ¸í½ÃÀûÀ¸·Î Æ÷ÇÔµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â ÇÑ, ½Ã°£Àû ¼¼°èÀÇ Á¦¾àµÈ Çö½ÇÀû Á¸À縦 ÀǹÌÇÏ°Ô µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ½ÅÀº ¾ðÁ¦³ª <Çö½ÇÀû °è±â>¶õ ¿ë¾î°¡ Àû¿ëµÇ´Â ¿µ¿ª ¹Û¿¡ ÀÖ°Ô µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

105. The primordial appetitions which jointly constitute God's purpose are seeking intensity, and not preservation. Because they are primordial, there is nothing to preserve. He, in his primordial nature, is unmoved by love for this particular, or that particular; for in this foundational process of creativity, there are no preconstituted particulars. In the foundations of his being, God is indifferent alike to preservation and to novelty. He cares not whether an immediate occasion be old or new, so far as concerns derivation from its ancestry. His aim 16 for it is depth of satisfaction as an intermediate step towards the fulfillment of his own being. His tenderness is directed towards each actual occasion, as it arises.

217. ½ÅÀÇ ¸ñÀûÀ» ÇÔ²² ±¸¼ºÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ¿©·¯ ¿øÃÊÀû ¿å±¸µéÀÌ Ãß±¸ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº °­µµÀÌÁö º¸Á¸ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. ±×·± ¿å±¸µéÀº ¿øÃÊÀûÀ̱⠶§¹®¿¡ °Å±â¿¡´Â º¸Á¸ÇÒ ¾Æ¹«°Íµµ ¾ø´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ½ÅÀº ±× ¿øÃÊÀû º»¼º¿¡ À־, ÀÌ·¯Àú·¯ÇÑ Æ¯Á¤ÀÇ °Í¿¡ ´ëÇÑ »ç¶û ¶§¹®¿¡ ¿òÁ÷ÀÌ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. ¿Ö³ÄÇϸé âÁ¶¼ºÀÇ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ±Ùº»ÀûÀÎ °úÁ¤¿¡´Â ¹Ì¸® ¸¸µé¾îÁø Ư¼öÇÑ °ÍÀÌ Çϳªµµ¾ø±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Á¸Àç ±â¹Ý¿¡ À־ ½ÅÀº º¸Á¸¿¡µµ »õ·Î¿ò¿¡µµ ´Ù°°ÀÌ ¹«°ü½ÉÇÏ´Ù. ½ÅÀº Á÷Á¢Àû °è±â°¡ – ±× °èÅëÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍÀÇ À¯·¡¿¡ °üÇÑ ÇÑ – ³°Àº °ÍÀÌµç »õ·Î¿î °ÍÀÌµç ¸¶À½À» ¾²Áö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ±× °è±â¿¡ À־ ½ÅÀÌ ¸ñÀûÇÏ´Â ¹Ù´Â ½Å ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Á¸ÀçÀÇ ¼ºÃ븦 ÇâÇÑ Áß°£ ´Ü°è·Î¼­ÀÇ ¸¸Á·ÀÇ ±íÀÌÀÌ´Ù. ½ÅÀº Çö½ÇÀû °è±â°¡ »ý°Ü³¯ ¶§¸¶´Ù ±×°Í¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ±×ÀÇ ¾ÖÁ¤À» ½ñ´Â´Ù.

108. Each actuality is essentially bipolar, physical and mental, and the physical inheritance is essentially accompanied by a conceptual reaction partly conformed to it, and partly introductory of a$ relevant novel contrast, but always introducing emphasis, valuation, and purpose. The integration of the physical and mental side into a unity of experience is a self-formation which is a process of concrescence, and which by the principle of objective immortality characterizes the creativity which transcends it. So though mentality is non-spatial, mentality is always a reaction from, and integration with, physical experience which is spatial. It is obvious that we must not demand another mentality presiding over these other actualities (a kind of Uncle Sam, over and above all the U.S. citizens).All the life in the body is the life of the individual cells. There are thus millions upon millions of centres of life in each animal body. So what needs to be explained is not dissociation of personality but unifying control, by reason of which we not only have unified behaviour, which can be observed by others, but also consciousness of a unified experience.

222. °¢ Çö½ÇÅ´ º»ÁúÀûÀ¸·Î ¹°¸®ÀûÀ̸ç Á¤½ÅÀûÀ̶ó´Â »ó¹ÝµÈ µÎ ±ØÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ±× ¹°¸®Àû °è½ÂÀº º»ÁúÀûÀ¸·Î °³³äÀû ¹ÝÀÛ¿ë – ºÎºÐÀûÀ¸·Î´Â ±× ¹°¸®Àû °è½Â¿¡ ¼øÀÀÇϸç, ¶Ç ºÎºÐÀûÀ¸·Î´Â ÀûÀýÇÑ »õ·Î¿î ´ëºñ¸¦ À̲ø¾îµéÀÌÁö¸¸, Ç×»ó °­Á¶, °¡Ä¡, Æò°¡, ¸ñÀûÀ» À̲ø¾îµéÀÌ´Â °³³äÀû ¹ÝÀÛ¿ë – À» µ¿¹ÝÇÑ´Ù. ¹°¸®Àû Á¤½ÅÀû Ãø¸éÀ» °æÇèÀÇ ÅëÀÏ·Î ÅëÇÕÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ÇÕ»ýÀÇ °úÁ¤ÀÎ ÀÚ±â Çü¼ºÀÛ¿ëÀ̸ç, ÀÌ ÀÛ¿ëÀº °´Ã¼Àû ºÒ¸ê¼ºÀÇ ¿ø¸®¿¡ µû¶ó ±×°ÍÀ» ³Ñ¾î¼­´Â âÁ¶¼ºÀ» Ư¡Áö¿ö °£´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ Á¤½Å¼ºÀº ºñ°ø°£ÀûÀ̱ä ÇÏÁö¸¸ ¾ðÁ¦³ª °ø°£ÀûÀÎ ¹°¸®Àû °æÇèÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍÀÇ ¹ÝÀÛ¿ëÀÌ¸ç ±×°Í°úÀÇ ÅëÇÕÀÌ´Ù. ºÐ¸íÈ÷ ¿ì¸®´Â ÀÌ·± Çö½ÇŵéÀ» ÅëÇÕÇÏ´Â º°°³ÀÇ Á¤½Å¼ºÀ» ¿ä±¸Çؼ­´Â ¾ÈµÈ´Ù. ½Åü ³»ÀÇ ¸ðµç »ý¸íÀº °³º°ÀûÀÎ ¼¼Æ÷µéÀÇ »ý¸íÀÌ´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ °¢ µ¿¹° ½Åü ¼Ó¿¡´Â ¼ö¹é¸¸ °³ÀÇ »ý¸í ÁßÃß°¡ µé¾î ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¡¼­ ¼³¸íÀ» ÇÊ¿ä·Î ÇÏ´Â Á¡Àº ÀΰÝÀÇ ºÐ¿­ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ÅëÇÕÀûÀÎ Á¦¾îÀ̸ç, ÀÌ°Í¿¡ ÈûÀÔ¾î ¿ì¸®´Â ŸÀÎÀÌ °üÂûÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÅëÀÏµÈ ÇൿÀ» °®°Ô µÉ »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ÅëÀÏµÈ °æÇè¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Àǽĵµ °®°Ô µÇ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

164. The limitation whereby there is a perspective relegation of eternal objects to the background is the characteristic of decision. Transcendent decision includes God's decision. He is the actual entity in virtue of which the entire multiplicity of eternal objects obtains its graded relevance to each stage of concrescence. Apart from God, there could be no relevant novelty. Whatever arises in actual entities from God's decision, arises first conceptually, and is transmuted into the physical world (cf. Part III). In 'transcendent decision' there is transition from the past to the immediacy of the present; and in 'immanent decision' there is the process of acquisition of subjective form and the integration of feelings. In this process the creativity, universal throughout actuality, is characterized by the datum from the past; and it meets this dead datum universalized into a character of creativity by the vivifying novelty of subjective form selected from the multiplicity of pure potentiality. In the process, the old meets the new, and this meeting constitutes the satisfaction of an immediate particular individual.

312. ¿µ¿øÀû °´Ã¼µéÀ» Àü¸Á¿¡ ÀÖ¾î ¹è°æÀ¸·Î ÃàÃâÇÏ´Â Á¦ÇÑÀÌ °ð °á´ÜÀÇ Æ¯Â¡ÀÌ´Ù. ÃÊ¿ùÀû °á´ÜÀº ½ÅÀÇ °á´ÜÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ´Ù. ½ÅÀº Çö½ÇÀû Á¸ÀçÀÌ´Ù. ½Å¿¡ ÀÇÇØ, ¿µ¿øÀû °´Ã¼ÀÇ ´Ù¾ç¼º Àüü´Â ÇÕ»ýÀÇ °¢ ´Ü°è¿ÍÀÇ µî±ÞÈ­µÈ °ü·Ã¼ºÀ» ȹµæÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù. ½ÅÀÌ ¾ø´Ù¸é °ü·Ã¼º ÀÖ´Â »õ·Î¿òÀ̶õ ÀÖÀ» ¼ö ¾ø°Ô µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ½ÅÀÇ °á´Ü¿¡ µû¶ó Çö½ÇÀû Á¸Àç¿¡¼­ »ý±â´Â °ÍÀº ¹«¾ùÀ̵çÁö ¸ÕÀú °³³äÀûÀ¸·Î »ý°Ü³ª°í, À̾ ¹°¸®Àû ¼¼°è·Î º¯È¯µÈ´Ù. <ÃÊ¿ùÀû °á´Ü>¿¡´Â °ú°Å·ÎºÎÅÍ ÇöÀçÀÇ Á÷Á¢¼ºÀ¸·ÎÀÇ ÀüÀÌ°¡ µé¾î ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, <³»ÀçÀû °á´Ü>¿¡´Â ÁÖüÀû Çü½ÄÀ» ȹµæÇÏ´Â °úÁ¤°ú ´À³¦µéÀÇ ÅëÇÕÀÌ µé¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ °úÁ¤¿¡ À־ Çö½ÇŸ¦ °üÅëÇÏ°í Àִ âÁ¶¼ºÀº °ú°Å·ÎºÎÅÍÀÇ ¿©°Ç¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Æ¯Â¡Áö¾îÁø´Ù. ±×¸®°í ±×°ÍÀº ¼ø¼öÇÑ °¡´ÉÅÂÀÇ ´Ù¾ç¼ºÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¼±ÅÃµÈ ÁÖüÀû Çü½ÄÀÇ È°±âÂù »õ·Î¿òÀ» ÅëÇؼ­, ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Á×Àº ¿©°Ç – âÁ¶¼ºÀÇ ¼º°ÝÀ¸·Î º¸ÆíÈ­µÈ – °ú ¸¸³ª°Ô µÈ´Ù. °úÁ¤ ¼Ó¿¡¼­ ³°Àº °ÍÀÌ »õ·Î¿î °Í°ú ¸¸³ª°Ô µÇ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×¸®°í ÀÌ ¸¸³²ÀÌ Á÷Á¢ÀûÀÎ °³º°Àû °³Ã¼ÀÇ ¸¸Á·[ÀÇ »óÅÂ]À» ¸¸µé¾î³½´Ù.


211. An instance of concrescence is termed an 'actual entity'-or, equivalently, an 'actual occasion.' There is not one completed set of things which are actual occasions. For the fundamental inescapable fact is the creativity in virtue of which there can be no 'many things' which are not subordinated in a concrete unity. Thus a set of all actual occasions is by the nature of things a standpoint for another concrescence which elicits a concrete unity from those many actual occasions. Thus we can never survey the actual world except from the standpoint of an immediate concrescence which is falsifying the presupposed completion. The creativity in virtue of which any relative complete actual world is, by the nature of things, the datum for a new concrescence is termed 'transition.' Thus, by reason of transition 'the actual world' is always a relative term, and refers to that basis of presupposed actual occasions which is a datum for the novel concrescence.

387. ÇÕ»ýÀÇ »ç·Ê´Â <Çö½ÇÀû Á¸Àç> - ȤÀº ÀÌ¿¡ »ó´çÇÏ´Â ¸»·Î¼­ <Çö½ÇÀû °è±â> - ¶ó°í ºÒ¸°´Ù. Çö½ÇÀû °è±âÀÎ »ç¹°µé·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø ÇϳªÀÇ ¿Ï°áµÈ ÁýÇÕ °°Àº °ÍÀº Á¸ÀçÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ¿Ö³ÄÇϸé ÇÇÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Â ±Ùº»ÀûÀÎ »ç½ÇÀº âÁ¶¼ºÀ̸ç, ÀÌ Ã¢Á¶¼º¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ±¸Ã¼Àû ÅëÀϼº¿¡ Á¾¼ÓµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â <´Ù¼öÀÇ »ç¹°µé>À̶õ ÀÖÀ» ¼ö ¾ø±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ ¸ðµç Çö½ÇÀû °è±âµéÀÇ ÁýÇÕÀº »ç¹°ÀÇ º»¼º»ó, ±× ´Ù¼öÀÇ Çö½ÇÀû °è±âµé·ÎºÎÅÍ ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀÎ ÅëÀϼºÀ» À̲ø¾î³»´Â ¶Ç ´Ù¸¥ ÇÕ»ýÀÇ ÇÑ ÀÔ°¢Á¡ÀÌ´Ù. ´Ù¶ó¼­ ¿ì¸®´Â ÀúÁ¦µÈ ¿Ï°áÀ» °ÅÁþµÈ °ÍÀ¸·Î ÀÔÁõÇØ ÁÖ´Â Á÷Á¢Àû ÇÕ»ýÀÇ ÀÔ°¢Á¡À» ¶°³ª¼­´Â, °áÄÚ Çö½Ç ¼¼°è¸¦ °³°üÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. »ó´ëÀûÀÎ ¿Ï°áÀû Çö½Ç ¼¼°è¸¦ »ç¹°ÀÇ º»¼º¿¡ µû¶ó »õ·Î¿î ÇÕ»ýÀ» À§ÇÑ ¿©°ÇÀ¸·Î ¸¸µé¾î°¡´Â âÁ¶¼ºÀº <ÀÌÇà>À̶ó°í ºÒ¸°´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ <Çö½Ç ¼¼°è>¶ó´Â ¸»Àº ÀÌÇà ¶§¹®¿¡ ¾ðÁ¦³ª »ó´ëÀûÀÎ ¿ë¾î·Î¼­, »õ·Î¿î ÇÕ»ýÀ» À§ÇÑ ¿©°ÇÀÎ, ÀüÁ¦µÈ Çö½ÇÀû °è±âµé·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø ±â¹ÝÀ» °¡¸®Å°°í ÀÖ´Ù.

212. In this second stage the feelings assume an emotional character by reason of this influx of conceptual feelings. But the reason why the origins are not lost in the private emotion is that there is no element in the universe capable of pure privacy. If we could obtain a complete analysis of meaning, the notion of pure privacy would be seen to be self-contradictory. Emotional feeling is still subject to the third metaphysical principle * ~ that to be 'something' is 'to have the potentiality for acquiring real unity with other entities.' Hence, 'to be a real component of an actual entity' is in some way 'to realize this potentiality.' Thus 'emotion' is 'emotional feeling'; and 'what is felt' is the presupposed vector situation. In physical science this principle takes the form which should never be lost sight of in fundamental speculation, that scalar quantities are constructs derivative from vector quantities. In more familiar language, this principle can be expressed by the statement that the notion of 'passing on' is more fundamental than that of a private individual fact. In the abstract language here adopted for metaphysical statement, "passing on' becomes 'creativity,' in the dictionary sense of the verb creare, 'to bring forth, beget, produce.' Thus, according to the third principle, no entity can be divorced from the notion of creativity. An entity is at least a particular form capable of infusing its own particularity into creativity. An actual entity, or a phase of an actual entity, is more than that; but, at least, it is that.

389. ÀÌ µÎ ¹ø° ´Ü°è¿¡¼­ ´À³¦µéÀº °³³äÀû ´À³¦ÀÇ À¯ÀÔÀ¸·Î ¸»¹Ì¾Ï¾Æ Á¤¼­Àû ¼º°ÝÀ» ¶ç°Ô µÈ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ½Ã¿øÀûÀÎ °ÍÀÇ »çÀûÀÎ Á¤¼­ ¼Ó¿¡¼­ »ó½ÇµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â ÀÌÀ¯´Â, ¼ø¼öÇÏ°Ô »çÀûÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¿ä¼Ò°¡ ¿ìÁÖ¿¡´Â Á¸ÀçÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù´Â µ¥¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ¸¸ÀÏ Àǹ̿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿ÏÀüÇÑ ºÐ¼®¿¡ µµ´ÞÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù¸é, ¼ø¼öÇÑ »ç»ç¼ºÀ̶ó´Â °ü³äÀº Àڱ⠸ð¼øÀ̶ó´Â °ÍÀ» ±ú´Ý°Ô µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ Á¤¼­Àû ´À³¦Àº ¿©ÀüÈ÷ Á¦3ÀÇ ÇüÀÌ»óÇÐÀû ¿ø¸®, Áï <¾î¶² °ÍÀÓ>Àº <´Ù¸¥ Á¸Àç¿ÍÀÇ ½ÇÀçÀû ÅëÀϼºÀ» ȹµæÇϱâ À§ÇÑ °¡´É¼ºÀ» °®°í ÀÖÀ½>À̶ó°í ÇÏ´Â ¿ø¸®¿¡ µû¸£°í ÀÖ´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ <Çö½ÇÀû Á¸ÀçÀÇ ½ÇÀçÀûÀÎ ±¸¼º ¿ä¼Ò°¡ µÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù´Â °Í>Àº ¾î¶² ¹æ½ÄÀ¸·ÎµçÁö <ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ °¡´É¼ºÀ» ½ÇÇöÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù´Â °Í>À» ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¸±â ¶§¹®¿¡ <Á¤¼­>´Â <Á¤¼­Àû ´À³¦>À̸ç, <´À²¸Áö´Â °Í>Àº ÀüÁ¦µÈ º¤ÅÍÀû »óȲÀÌ´Ù. ¹°¸®Çп¡¼­ ÀÌ ¿ø¸®´Â, <½ºÄ®¶ó>Àû ¾çÀ̶õ <º¤ÅÍ>Àû ¾ç¿¡¼­ ÆÄ»ýµÇ´Â ±¸¼º¹°À̶ó°í ÇÏ´Â, ±âº»Àû »ç»ö¿¡ À־ °áÄÚ °£°úµÇ¾î¼­´Â ¾ÈµÉ Çü½ÄÀ» ÃëÇÑ´Ù. º¸´Ù ÀÏ»óÀûÀΠǥÇöÀ¸·Î ÇÏÀÚ¸é, ÀÌ ¿ø¸®´Â <ÀÌÇà>À̶ó´Â °ü³äÀÌ »çÀûÀÎ °³Ã¼Àû »ç½Çº¸´Ùµµ ´õ ±âº»ÀûÀ̶ó°í ÇÏ´Â Áø¼ú·Î Ç¥ÇöµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÇüÀÌ»óÇÐÀû Áø¼úÀ» À§ÇØ ¿©±â¿¡¼­ äÅÃÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â Ãß»óÀûÀÎ ¸»·Î Ç¥ÇöÇÏÀÚ¸é, <ÀÌÇà>Àº <âÁ¶¼º>ÀÌ µÈ´Ù. ÀÌ´Â ±× µ¿»ç creareÀÇ »çÀüÀû Àǹ̿¡¼­ º¼ ¶§, <³º´Ù>bring forth, <»ý±â°Ô Çϳª>beget, <»êÃâÇÏ´Ù>produce¸¦ ÀǹÌÇÑ´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ Á¦3ÀÇ ¿ø¸®¿¡ µû¸¥´Ù¸é, ¾î¶°ÇÑ Á¸Àçµµ âÁ¶¼ºÀÇ °³³ä¿¡¼­ À¯¸®µÉ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. Á¸Àç¶õ Àû¾îµµ ±× ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Æ¯¼ö¼ºÀ» âÁ¶¼º ¼ÓÀ¸·Î ÁÖÀÔ½Ãų ¼ö Àִ Ư¼öÇÑ ÇüÅÂÀÌ´Ù. Çö½ÇÀû Á¸Àç ³»Áö Çö½ÇÀû Á¸Àç°¡ °®´Â ÇϳªÀÇ À§»óÀº ±× ÀÌ»óÀÇ °ÍÀÌÁö¸¸, Àû¾îµµ ±×°ÍÀº ±×·¯ÇÑ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

219. The terminal unity of operation, here called the 'satisfaction,' embodies what the actual entity is beyond itself. In Locke's phraseology, the 'powers' of the actual entity are discovered in the analysis of the satisfaction. In Descartes' phraseology, the satisfaction is the actual entity considered as analysable in respect to its existence 'objective.' It is the actual entity as a definite, determinate, settled fact, stubborn and with unavoidable consequences. The actual entity as described by the morphology of its satisfaction is the actual entity 'spatialized,' to use Bergson's term. The actual entity, thus spatialized, is a given individual fact actuated by its own 'substantial form.' Its own process, which is its own internal existence, has evaporated, worn out and satisfied; but its effects are all to be described in terms of its 'satisfaction.' The 'effects' of an actual entity are its interventions in concrescent processes other than its own. Any entity, thus intervening in processes transcending itself, is said to be functioning as an 'object.' According to the fourth category of Explanation it is the one general metaphysical character of all entities of all sorts, that they function as objects. It is this metaphysical character which constitutes the solidarity of the universe. The peculiarity of an actual entity is that it can be considered both 'objectively' and 'formally.' The 'objective' aspect is morphological so far as that actual entity is concerned: by this it is meant that the process involved is transcendent relatively to it, so that the esse of its satisfaction is sentiri. The 'formal' aspect is functional so far as that actual entity is concerned: by this it is meant that the process involved is immanent in it. But the objective consideration is pragmatic. It is the consideration of the actual entity in respect to its consequences. In the present chapter the emphasis is laid upon the formal consideration of an actual entity. But this formal consideration of one actual entity requires reference to the objective intervention of other actual entities. This objective intervention of other entities constitutes the creative character which conditions the concrescence in question. The satisfaction of each actual entity is an element in the givenness of the universe: it limits boundless, abstract possibility into the particular real potentiality from which each novel concrescence originates. The 'boundless, abstract possibility' means the creativity considered solely in reference to the possibilities of the intervention of eternal objects, and in abstraction from the objective intervention of actual entities belonging to any definite actual world, including God among the actualities abstracted from.

400. ¿©±â¼­ <¸¸Á·>À̶ó°í ºÒ¸®´Â ÀÛ¿ëÀÇ ÃÖÁ¾Àû ÅëÀϼºÀº Çö½ÇÀû Á¸ÀçÀÇ ÀÚ±â ÃÊ¿ùÀ» ±¸ÇöÇÑ´Ù. ·ÏÅ©ÀÇ ¿ë¾î¸¦ ºô¸®ÀÚ¸é, Çö½ÇÀû Á¸ÀçÀÇ <Èû>Àº ¸¸Á·À» ºÐ¼®ÇÏ´Â °¡¿îµ¥¼­ ¹ß°ßµÈ´Ù. µ¥Ä«¸£Æ®ÀÇ Ç¥ÇöÀ¸·Î ¸»ÇÏÀÚ¸é, ¸¸Á·Àº ±× <°´Ã¼Àû> Á¸Àç¿Í °ü·ÃÇÏ¿© ºÐ¼®µÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î °£ÁֵǴ Çö½ÇÀû Á¸ÀçÀÌ´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº, ¿Ï°íÇÏ°í ÇÇÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Â ¿©·¯ ±Í°áÀ» ¼ö¹ÝÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â, È®Á¤ÀûÀ¸·Î °áÁ¤µÈ, Á¤ÂøµÈ »ç½Ç·Î¼­ÀÇ Çö½ÇÀû Á¸ÀçÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯ÇÑ ¸¸Á·À» ÇüÅ·ÐÀûÀ¸·Î ±â¼úÇÑ °ÍÀ¸·Î¼­ÀÇ Çö½ÇÀû Á¸Àç´Â, º£¸£±×¼ÛÀÇ ¿ë¾î¸¦ ºô¸°´Ù¸é <°ø°£È­µÈ> Çö½ÇÀû Á¸ÀçÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌó·³ °ø°£È­µÈ Çö½ÇÀû Á¸Àç´Â ±× ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ <½ÇüÀû Çü»ó>¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Çö½ÇÈ­µÈ, ÁÖ¾îÁø °³Ã¼Àû »ç½ÇÀÌ´Ù. ±× ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ³»Àû Á¸ÀçÀÎ ±× ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ °úÁ¤Àº Áõ¹ßµÇ¾ú°í, ´â¾Æ ¾ø¾îÁ³À¸¸ç, ¸¸Á·µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ±× °á°ú´Â ¸ðµÎ ±× ¸¸Á·¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ±â¼úµÇ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. Çö½ÇÀû Á¸ÀçÀÇ <°á°ú>¶õ ÇÕ»ýÁß¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ±× ÀڽŠÀÌ¿ÜÀÇ °úÁ¤¿¡ ±× Çö½ÇÀû Á¸Àç°¡ °³ÀÔÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÚ±â ÀÚ½ÅÀ» ÃÊ¿ùÇÏ´Â °úÁ¤ ¼Ó¿¡ ÀÌó·³ °³ÀÔÇÏ´Â Á¸Àç´Â ¸ðµÎ <°´Ã¼>·Î¼­ ±â´ÉÇÑ´Ù°í ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. ¼³¸íÀÇ Á¦4¹üÁÖ¿¡ µû¸£¸é, ¸ðµç Á¾·ùÀÇ Á¸Àç°¡ °´Ã¼·Î¼­ ±â´ÉÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀº, Á¸ÀçÀÇ º¸ÆíÀûÀÎ ÇüÀÌ»óÇÐÀû ¼º°Ý °¡¿îµ¥ ÇϳªÀÌ´Ù. ¿ìÁÖÀÇ ¿¬´ë¼ºÀ» ±¸¼ºÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ¹Ù·Î ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ÇüÀÌ»óÇÐÀû ¼º°ÝÀÌ´Ù. Çö½ÇÀû Á¸ÀçÀÇ Æ¯À̼ºÀº, ±×°ÍÀÌ <°´Ã¼ÀûÀ¸·Î>µµ °íÂûµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ°í <Çü»óÀûÀ¸·Î>µµ °íÂûµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. <°´Ã¼Àû> Ãø¸éÀº ±× Çö½ÇÀû Á¸Àç¿¡ °üÇÑ ÇÑ ÇüÅ·ÐÀûÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ ¸»ÀÇ Àǹ̴ ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù. Áï °Å±â¿¡ ¿¬·çµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â °úÁ¤Àº ±× Çö½ÇÀû Á¸Àç¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© »ó´ëÀûÀ¸·Î ÃÊ¿ùÇØ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, µû¶ó¼­ ±× ¸¸Á·ÀÇ Á¸Àç°¡ ´À²¸Áö°í ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. <Çü»óÀû> Ãø¸éÀº ±× Çö½ÇÀû Á¸Àç¿¡ °üÇÑ ÇÑ ±â´ÉÀûÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ ¸»Àº °Å±â¿¡ Æ÷ÇÔµò °úÁ¤ÀÌ°í ±× Çö½ÇÀû Á¸Àç ¼Ó¿¡ ³»ÀçÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ÀǹÌÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª °´Ã¼Àû °íÂûÀº ½Ç¿ëÁÖÀÇÀûÀÎ °ÍÀÌ µÈ´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº Çö½ÇÀû Á¸À縦 ±× °á°ú¿Í °ü·ÃÇÏ¿© °íÂûÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ Àå¿¡¼­´Â Çö½ÇÀû Á¸Àç¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Çü»óÀû °íÂû¿¡ ¿ªÁ¡À» µÎ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÇϳªÀÇ Çö½ÇÀû Á¸Àç¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Çü»óÀû °íÂûÀº ´Ù¸¥ Çö½ÇÀû Á¸ÀçµéÀÇ °´Ã¼Àû °³ÀÔ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¾ð±ÞÀ» ÇÊ¿ä·Î ÇÑ´Ù. ´Ù¸¥ Á¸ÀçµéÀÇ °´Ã¼Àû °³ÀÔÀº ¹®Á¦ÀÇ ÇÕ»ýÀ» Á¶°ÇÁö¿ì´Â âÁ¶Àû ¼º°ÝÀ» ±¸¼ºÇÑ´Ù. °¢ Çö½ÇÀû Á¸ÀçÀÇ ¸¸Á·Àº ¿ìÁÖÀÇ ¼Ò¿©¼º¿¡ À־ÀÇ ÇÑ ¿ä¼ÒÀÌ´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº ¹«ÇÑÇÑ Ãß»óÀû °¡´É¼ºÀ», ÇϳªÇϳªÀÇ »õ·Î¿î ÇÕ»ýÀ» ³º´Â ƯÁ¤ÇÑ ½ÇÀçÀû °¡´ÉÅ·ΠÁ¦ÇÑÇÑ´Ù. <¹«ÇÑÇÑ Ãß»óÀû °¡´É¼º>À̶õ, ÀÓÀÇÀÇ ÇÑÁ¤µÈ Çö½Ç ¼¼°è¿¡ ¼ÓÇÏ´Â Çö½ÇÀû Á¸ÀçµéÀÇ °´Ã¼Àû °³ÀÔÀ» »ç»óÇØ ¹ö¸®°í – »ç»óµÈ Çö½ÇÅ¿¡´Â ½Åµµ Æ÷ÇԵǾî ÀÖ´Ù – ¿À·ÎÁö ¿µ¿øÀû °´Ã¼µéÀÇ °³ÀÔÀÇ °¡´É¼º°ú °ü·ÃÇؼ­¸¸ °íÂûµÈ âÁ¶¼ºÀ» ÀǹÌÇÑ´Ù.

222. The term 'subject' has been retained because in this sense it is familiar in philosophy. But it is misleading. The term 'superject' would be better. The subject-superject is the purpose of the process originating the feelings. The feelings are inseparable from the end at which they aim; and this end is the feeler. The feelings aim at the feeler, as their final cause. The feelings are what they are in order that their subject may be what it is. Then transcendently, since the subject is what it is in virtue of its feelings, it is only by means of its feelings that the subject objectively conditions the creativity transcendent beyond itself. In our own relatively high grade of human existence, this doctrine of feelings and their subject is best illustrated by our notion of moral responsibility. The subject is responsible for being what it is in virtue of its feelings. It is also derivatively responsible for the consequences of its existence because they flow from its feelings.

404. <ÁÖü>¶ó´Â ¿ë¾î¸¦ ÆóÁöÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í °è¼Ó »ç¿ëÇØ ¿Â ±î´ßÀº, ±×°ÍÀÌ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Àǹ̷ΠöÇп¡ Àͼ÷ÇØÁ® Àֱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ±× ¿ë¾î´Â ¿ÀÇظ¦ ºÒ·¯ ÀÏÀ¸Å°±â ½±´Ù. <ÀÚ±â ÃÊ¿ùü>¶ó´Â ¿ë¾î°¡ º¸´Ù ÀûÀýÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. <ÀÚ±â ÃÊ¿ùÀû ÁÖü>´Â ´À³¦µéÀ» â½ÃÇÏ´Â °úÁ¤ÀÇ ¸ñÀûÀÌ´Ù. ´À³¦µéÀº ±×µéÀÌ ÁöÇâÇÏ´Â ¸ñÇ¥¿Í À¯¸®µÉ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. ÀÌ ¸ñÇ¥´Â ´À³¢´Â ÀÚfeelerÀÌ´Ù. ´À³¦Àº ±× ¸ñÀûÀÎÀ¸·Î¼­ÀÇ ´À³¢´Â ÀÚ¸¦ ÁöÇâÇÑ´Ù. ´À³¦µéÀÌ Áö±ÝÀÇ ±× ´À³¦µéÀÎ °ÍÀº ±×°ÍµéÀÇ ÁÖü°¡ Áö±ÝÀÇ ±× ÁÖüÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ±â À§Çؼ­ÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¡¼­ ÁÖü´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ´À³¦µé·Î ¸»¹Ì¾Ï¾Æ Áö±ÝÀÇ ±×°ÍÀÌ µÈ °ÍÀ̱⠶§¹®¿¡, ÁÖü´Â ¿ÀÁ÷ ±× ´À³¦µé¿¡ ÀÇÇؼ­¸¸, ÀÚ½ÅÀ» ³Ñ¾î¼­´Â ÃÊ¿ùÀûÀΠâÁ¶¼ºÀ» °´Ã¼ÀûÀ¸·Î Á¦¾àÇÑ´Ù. ºñ±³Àû °íµµ ´Ü°èÀÇ Á¸ÀçÀÎ ¿ì¸® Àΰ£¿¡°Ô À־, ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ´À³¦°ú ÁÖü¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Çм³À» °¡Àå Àß ¿¹½ÃÇØ ÁÖ´Â °ÍÀº µµ´öÀû Ã¥ÀÓ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿ì¸®ÀÇ °³³äÀÌ´Ù. ÁÖü´Â ±× ´À³¦ ´ë¹®¿¡ ±×°ÍÀÌ Áö±ÝÀÇ ±×°ÍÀ̶ó´Â µ¥ ´ëÇÏ¿© Ã¥ÀÓÀ» Áø´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº ¶Ç ±× ÇöÁ¸ÀÇ ¾î·Á ±Í°áµé¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ÆÄ»ýÀûÀ¸·Î Ã¥ÀÓÀ» Áø´Ù. ¿Ö³ÄÇÏ¸é ±×°ÍµéÀº ±× ´À³¦À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ À¯ÃâµÇ±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù.

222. If the subject-predicate form of statement be taken to be metaphysically ultimate, it is then impossible to express this doctrine of feelings and their superject. It is better to say that the feelings aim ct their subject, than to say that they are aimed at their subject. For the latter mode of expression removes the subject from the scope of the feeling and assigns it to an external agency. Thus the feeling would be wrongly abstracted from its own final cause. This final cause is an inherent element in the feeling, constituting the unity of that feeling. An actual entity feels as it does feel in order to be the actual entity which it is. In this way an actual entity satisfies Spinoza's notion of substance: it is causa sui. The creativity is not an external agency with its own ulterior purposes. All actual entities share with God this characteristic of self-causation. For this reason every actual entity also shares with God the characteristic of transcending all other actual entities, including God. The universe is thus a creative advance into novelty. The alternative to this doctrine is a static morphological universe.

404. ¸¸ÀÏ ÁÖ¾î-¼ú¾î Çü½ÄÀÇ Áø¼úÀÌ ÇüÀÌ»óÇÐÀûÀ¸·Î ±Ã±ØÀûÀÎ °ÍÀ̶ó°í ÇÑ´Ù¸é, ¿ì¸®´Â ÀÌ ´À³¦µé°ú ±×°ÍµéÀÇ ÀÚ±â ÃÊ¿ùü¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Çм³À» Ç¥ÇöÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø°Ô µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±× ´À³¦Àº ±× ÁÖü¿¡·Î ÁöÇâµÈ´Ùbe aimed at°í ¸»ÇÏ´Â °Íº¸´Ù ±× ÁÖü¸¦ ÁöÇâÇÑ´Ùaim at°í ¸»ÇÏ´Â ÆíÀÌ ´õ ÀûÀýÇÏ´Ù. ¿Ö³ÄÇϸé ÀüÀÚÀÇ Ç¥Çö ¾ç½ÄÀº ÁÖü¸¦ ´À³¦ÀÇ ÀÛ¿ë ¹üÀ§·ÎºÎÅÍ Á¦°ÅÇÏ°í, ±×°ÍÀ» ¿ÜÀûÀÎ ÀÛ¿ëÀο¡ ¼ÓÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î µ¹¸®°í Àֱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¸°Ô µÉ ¶§ ´À³¦Àº ±× ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¸ñÀûÀÎÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ À߸ø Ãß»óµÈ °ÍÀÌ µÇ°í ¸» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ ¸ñÀûÀÎÀº ´À³¦¿¡ ³»ÀçÇÏ´Â ¿ä¼Ò·Î¼­ ±× ´À³¦ÀÇ ÅëÀϼºÀ» ±¸¼ºÇÑ´Ù. Çö½ÇÀû Á¸Àç´Â Áö±ÝÀÇ ±× Çö½ÇÀû Á¸Àç°¡ µÇ±â À§Çؼ­ Áö±Ý°ú °°ÀÌ ´À³¢°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ·± ¹æ½ÄÀ¸·Î Çö½ÇÀû Á¸Àç´Â, ½Çü¶õ Àڱ⠿øÀÎÀ̶ó´Â ½ºÇdzëÀÚÀÇ ½Çü °³³äÀ» ¸¸Á·½ÃŲ´Ù. âÁ¶¼ºÀº, ±× ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¿ÜÀçÀû ¸ñÀûÀ» Áö´Ñ ¿ÜÀû ÀÛ¿ëÀÎÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. ¸¸ÀÏ ¸ðµç Çö½ÇÀû Á¸Àç´Â ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Àڱ⠿øÀÎÀ̶ó´Â Ư¼ºÀ» ½Å°ú °øÀ¯ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ÀÌÀ¯ ¶§¹®¿¡ ¸ðµç Çö½ÇÀû Á¸Àç´Â ¶ÇÇÑ, ½ÅÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ¿© ´Ù¸¥ Çö½ÇÀû Á¸ÀçµéÀ» ÃÊ¿ùÇѴٴ Ư¼ºÀ» ½Å°ú °øÀ¯ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ ¿ìÁÖ´Â »õ·Î¿ò¿¡ÀÇ Ã¢Á¶Àû ÀüÁøÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ Çм³À» ¶°³ª ´Þ¸® ÅÃÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â Çм³ÀÇ ±Í°áÀº Á¤ÅÂÀûÀÎ ÇüÅ·ÐÀû ¿ìÁÖÀÌ´Ù.

224. The ground, or origin, of the concrescent process is the multiplicity of data in the universe, actual entities and eternal objects and propositions and nexus. Each new phase in the concrescence means the retreat of mere prepositional unity before the growing grasp of real unity of feeling. Each successive prepositional phase is a lure to the creation of feelings which promote its realization. Each temporal entity, in one sense, originates from its mental pole, analogously to God himself. It derives from God its basic awaiting its own decisions. This subjective aim, in its successive modifications, remains the unifying factor governing the successive phases of interplay between physical and conceptual feelings. These decisions are impossible for the nascent creature antecedently to the novelties in the phases of its concrescence. But this statement in its turn requires amplification. With this amplification the doctrine, that the primary phase of a temporal actual entity is physical, is recovered. A ¡®physical feeling¡¯ is here defined to be the feeling of another actuality. If the other actuality be objectified by its conceptual feelings, the physical feeling of the subject in question is termed ¡®hybrid.¡¯ Thus the primary phase is a hybrid physical feeling of God, in respect to God¡¯s conceptual feeling which is immediately relevant to the universe ¡®given¡¯ for that concrescence. There is then, according to the Category of Conceptual Valuation, i.e., Categorical Obligation IV, a derived conceptual feeling which reproduces for the subject the data and valuation of God¡¯s conceptual feeling. This conceptual feeling is the initial conceptual aim referred to in the preceding statement. In this sense, God can be termed the creator of each temporal actual entity. But the phrase is apt to be misleading by its suggestion that the ultimate creativity of the universe is to be ascribed to God¡¯s volition. The true metaphysical position is that God is the aboriginal instance of this creativity and is therefore the aboriginal condition which qualifies its action. It is the function of actuality to characterize the creativity, and God is the eternal primordial character. But, of course, there is no meaning to ¡®creativity¡¯ apart from its ¡®creatures,¡¯ and no meaning to the ¡®temporal creatures¡¯ apart from ¡®creativity¡¯ and ¡®God.¡¯

408. ÇÕ»ý °úÁ¤ÀÇ ±Ù°Å ³»Áö ±â¿øÀº ¿ìÁÖ ³»ÀÇ ´Ù¼öÀÇ ¿©°Çµé, Áï Çö½ÇÀû Á¸Àç, ¿µ¿øÀû °´Ã¼, ¸íÁ¦ ±×¸®°í °áÇÕüÀÌ´Ù. ±× ÇÕ»ý¿¡¼­ÀÇ °¢°¢ÀÇ »õ·Î¿î À§»óÀº ´À³¦ÀÇ ½ÇÀçÀû ÅëÀϼºÀÇ Áö¹èÀû Áõ´ë¿¡ µû¸£´Â, ´Ü¼øÇÑ ¸íÁ¦Àû ÅëÀϼºÀÇ ÈÄÅ𸦠ÀǹÌÇÑ´Ù. ÀÕµû¶ó ÀϾ´Â °¢°¢ÀÇ ¸íÁ¦Àû À§»óÀº, ±× ½ÇÇöÀ» ÃËÁøÇÏ´Â ´À³¦ÀÇ Ã¢Á¶¸¦ À§ÇÑ À¯È¤ÀÌ´Ù. ¾î¶² Àǹ̿¡¼­ °¢ ½Ã°£Àû Á¸Àç´Â ½Å ÀڽŰú ¸¶Âù°¡Áö·Î ±× Á¤½ÅÀû ±Ø¿¡¼­ »ý±ä´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº ½ÅÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Åä´ë¸¦ ÀÌ·ç´Â °³³äÀû ÁöÇâ – ±× Çö½Ç ¼¼°è¿¡ °ü·ÃµÇ¾î ÀÖÁö¸¸ ±× Á¸ÀçÀÇ °á´ÜÀ» ±â´Ù¸®´Â ¹Ì°áÁ¤¼ºÀ» ¼ö¹ÝÇÑ °³³äÀû ÁöÇâ – À» À̲ø¾î³½´Ù. ÀÌ ÁÖüÀû ÁöÇâÀº ±× Á¸ÀçÀÇ °è¼ÓµÇ´Â ¼öÁ¤ ¼Ó¿¡¼­, ¹°¸®Àû ´À³¦°ú °³³äÀû ´À³¦°£ÀÇ »óÈ£ ÀÛ¿ëÀÇ °è¼ÓµÇ´Â À§»óµéÀ» Áö¹èÇÏ´Â ÅëÀÏÈ­ÀÇ ¿äÀÎÀ¸·Î ³²´Â´Ù. Á¸ÀçÀÇ ±×·¯ÇÑ °á´ÜÀº, ±× ÇÕ»ýÀÇ À§»ó¿¡¼­ »õ·Î¿òÀÌ »ý±â±â ÀÌÀü, ¹ß»ýÀÇ Ãʱ⠴ܰ迡 ÀÖ´Â ÇÇÁ¶¹°¿¡°Ô´Â ºÒ°¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Áø¼úÀº ±× ³ª¸§´ë·ÎÀÇ ºÎ¿¬ ¼³¸íÀ» ÇÊ¿ä·Î ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ºÎ¿¬ ¼³¸íÀ¸·Î ½Ã°£ÀûÀÎ Çö½ÇÀû Á¸ÀçÀÇ ÃÖÃÊÀÇ À§»óÀº ¹°¸®ÀûÀ̶ó´Â Çм³ÀÌ È¸º¹µÈ´Ù. ¿©±â¼­ <¹°¸®Àû ´À³¦>Àº ´Ù¸¥ Çö½ÇÅ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ´À³¦À¸·Î Á¤ÀǵȴÙ. ¸¸ÀÏ ÀÌ ´Ù¸¥ Çö½ÇÅ°¡ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ °³³äÀû ´À³¦¿¡ ÀÇÇØ °´Ã¼È­µÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù¸é, ¹®Á¦µÇ´Â ÁÖüÀÇ ¹°¸®Àû ´À³¦Àº <È¥¼ºÀû>À̶ó°í ºÒ¸°´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ ÃÖÃÊÀÇ À§»óÀº ±× ÇÕ»ý¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© <ÁÖ¾îÁø> ¿ìÁÖ¿¡ Á÷Á¢ °ü·ÃµÇ´Â ½ÅÀÇ °³³äÀû ´À³¦À» ÅëÇÑ, ½Å¿¡ ´ëÇÑ È¥¼ºÀûÀÎ ¹°¸®Àû ´À³¦ÀÌ´Ù. À̷κÎÅÍ °³³äÀû Æò°¡ÀÇ ¹üÁÖ, Áï ¹üÁÖÀû Á¦¾à IV¿¡ µû¶ó, ±× ÁÖü¿¡ À־ ½ÅÀÇ °³³äÀû ´À³¦ÀÇ ¿©°Ç°ú Æò°¡¸¦ ÀçÇöÇÏ´Â ÆÄ»ýµÈ °³³äÀû ´À³¦ÀÌ ÀÖ°Ô µÈ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ °³³äÀû ´À³¦ÀÌ ¾ÕÀÇ Áø¼ú¿¡¼­ ¾ð±ÞÇÑ ÃÖÃÊÀÇ °³³äÀû ÁöÇâÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ·± Àǹ̿¡¼­ ½ÅÀº °¢°¢ÀÇ ½Ã°£ÀûÀÎ Çö½ÇÀû Á¸ÀçÀÇ Ã¢Á¶ÀÚ¶ó ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Ç¥ÇöÀº, ¿ìÁÖÀÇ ±Ã±ØÀû âÁ¶¼ºÀÌ ½ÅÀÇ ÀÇÁö¿¡ µ¹·ÁÁ®¾ß ÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¾Ï½ÃÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù´Â Á¡¿¡¼­ ¿ÀÇظ¦ ºÒ·¯ÀÏÀ¸Å³ ¼ÒÁö°¡ ÀÖ´Ù.

410. Der Grund oder Ursprung des Konkretisierungsprozesses liegt in der Vielheit on Daten des Universums – wirkliche einzelwesen, zeitlose Gegenstände, Aussagen und Nexus. Jede neue Phase in der Konkretisierung bedeutet den Rückzug blo©¬ aussageartiger Einheit vor dem wachsenden Zugriff der realen Einheit des Empfindens. Jede folgende aussageartige Phase ist ein Anreiz für die Erzeugung von Empfindungen, die deren Realisierung fördern. Jedes zeitliche Einzelwesen geht in einem Sinne, analog zu Gott selbst, aus seinem geistigen Pol hervor. Es leitet von Gott sein grundlegendes begriffliches Ziel ab, das für seine wirkliche Welt relevant ist, jedoch noch Unbestimmtheiten enthält, dies seiner eigenen Entscheidung bedürfen. Dieses subjektive Ziel bleibt in seinen folgenden Modifikationen der vereinigende Faktor, der die späteren Phasen des Wechselspiels zwischen physischen und begrifflichen Empfindungen beherrscht. Diese Entscheidungen sind für das werdende Gebilde, das den Neuheiten in seinen Konkretisierungsphasen vorausgeht, unmöglich. Aber diese Behauptung muss ihrerseits erläutert werden. Mit dieser Erläuterung wird die Lehre wieder in Kraft gesetzt, dass die primäre Phase eines zeitlichen wirklichen Einzelwesens physisch ist.
Ein »physisches Empfinden« wird hier als das Empfinden einer anderen Wirklichkeit definiert. Wenn die andere Wirklichkeit durch ihre begrifflichen Empfindungen objektiviert wird, bezeichnet man das physische empfinden des betroffenen Subjekts als »hybrid«. Daher ist die primäre Phase ein hybrides physisches Empfinden von Gott, mit Bezug auf Gottes begriffliches empfinden, das unmittelbar relevant ist für das Universum, das dieser Konkretisierung »gegeben« ist.

237. The limitation, whereby the actual entities felt are severally reduced to the perspective of one of their own feelings, is imposed by the categoreal condition of subjective Unity, requiring a harmonious compatibility in the feelings of each incomplete phase. Thus the negative prehensions, involved in the production of any one feeling, are not independent of the other feelings. The subjective forms of feelings depend in part on the negative prehensions. This primary phase of simple physical feelings constitutes the machinery by reason of which the creativity transcends the world already actual, and yet remains conditioned by that actual world in its new impersonation.

429. ´À²¸Áø Çö½ÇÀû Á¸ÀçµéÀ» ±×µé ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¾î´À ÇÑ ´À³¦¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Àü¸ÁÀ¸·Î °¢±â ȯ¿ø½ÃÅ°´Â Á¦ÇÑÀ» ºÎ°úÇϴ°ÍÀº, ¹Ì¿ÏÀÇ °¢ À§»ó¿¡ ¼ÓÇÑ ´À³¦µé¿¡ ÀÖ¾î Á¶È­·Î¿î ¾ç¸³ °¡´É¼ºÀ» ¿ä±¸ÇÏ´Â ÁÖüÀû ÅëÀϼºÀÇ ¹üÁÖÀû Á¶°ÇÀÌ´Ù. ´Ù¶ó¼­ ÀÓÀÇÀÇ ÇÑ ´À³¦À» »êÃâÇÏ´Â µ¥¿¡ Æ÷ÇԵǾî ÀÖ´Â ºÎÁ¤Àû ÆľÇÀº ´Ù¸¥ ´À³¦µé·ÎºÎÅÍ µ¶¸³ÇØ ÀÖÁö ¾Ê´Ù. ´À³¦ÀÇ ÁÖüÀû Çü½ÄÀº ºÎºÐÀûÀ¸·Î´Â ºÎÁ¤Àû Æľǿ¡ ÀÇÁ¸ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ´Ü¼øÇÑ ¹°¸®Àû ´À³¦ÀÇ ÀÌ ÃÖÃÊ À§»óÀº âÁ¶¼ºÀ¸·Î ÇÏ¿©±Ý ±âÁ¸ÀÇ Çö½Ç ¼¼°è¸¦ ÃÊ¿ùÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô ÇÏ´Â ¼ö´ÜÀû ÀåÄ¡°¡ µÇ°í ÀÖÁö¸¸, ±×·¯¸é¼­µµ ±×°ÍÀº ¿©ÀüÈ÷ »õ·Ó°Ô üÇöµÇ´Â ±× Çö½Ç¼¼°è¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Á¦¾àµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù.

244. ACCORDING to the ontological principle there is nothing which floats into the world from nowhere. Everything in the actual world is referable to some actual entity. It is either transmitted from an actual entity in the past, or belongs to the subjective aim of the actual entity to whose concrescence it belongs. This subjective aim is both an example and a limitation of the ontological principle. It is an example, in that the principle is here applied to the immediacy of concrescent fact. The subject completes itself during the process of concrescence by a self-criticism of its own incomplete phases. In another sense the subjective aim limits the ontological principle by its own autonomy. But the initial stage of its aim is an endowment which the subject inherits from the inevitable ordering of things, conceptually realized in the nature of God. The immediacy of the concrescent subject is constituted by its living aim at its own self-constitution. Thus the initial stage of the aim is rooted in the nature of God, and its completion depends on the self-causation of the subject-superject. This function of God is analogous to the remorseless working of things in Greek and in Buddhist thought. The initial aim is the best for that impasse. But if the best be bad, then the ruthlessness of God can be personified as Ate, the goddess of mischief. The chaff is burnt. What is inexorable in God, is valuation as an aim towards 'order'; and 'order' means 'society permissive of actualities with patterned intensity of feeling arising from adjusted contrasts. In this sense God is the principle of concretion; namely, he is that actual entity from which each temporal concrescence receives that initial aim from which its self-causation starts. That aim determines the initial gradations of relevance of eternal objects for conceptual feeling; and constitutes the autonomous subject in its primary phase of feelings with its initial conceptual valuations, and with its initial physical purposes. Thus the transition of the creativity from an actual world to the correlate novel concrescence is conditioned by the relevance of God's all-embracing conceptual valuations to the particular possibilities of transmission from the actual world, and by its relevance to the various possibilities of initial subjective form available for the initial feelings. In this way there is constituted the concrescent subject in its primary phase with its dipolar constitution, physical and mental, indissoluble.

440. Á¸Àç·ÐÀû ¿ø¸®¿¡ µû¸£¸é ¾ËÁö ¸øÇÏ´Â °÷À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¼¼°è ¼ÓÀ¸·Î À¯ÀԵǴ °ÍÀº ¾Æ¹«°Íµµ ¾ø´Ù. Çö½Ç ¼¼°è¿¡ ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀº ¹«¾ùÀ̳ª ¾î¶² Çö½ÇÀû Á¸Àç¿Í °ü·ÃÀ» °¡Áú ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº °ú°ÅÀÇ Çö½ÇÀû Á¸Àç·ÎºÎÅÍ Àü´ÞµÈ °ÍÀ̵簡, ¾Æ´Ï¸é ±×°ÍÀÌ ¼ÓÇØ ÀÖ´Â ÇÕ»ýÁß¿¡ ÀÖ´Â Çö½ÇÀû Á¸ÀçÀÇ ÁÖüÀû ÁöÇâ¿¡ ¼ÓÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ ÁÖüÀû ÁöÇâÀº Á¸Àç·ÐÀû ¿ø¸®ÀÇ »ç·ÊÀÎ µ¿½Ã¿¡ ±×°Í¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¦ÇÑÀÌ´Ù. ±×°ÍÀÌ ÇϳªÀÇ »ç·Ê°¡ µÇ´Â ±î´ßÀº ÀÌ °æ¿ì Á¸Àç·ÐÀû ¿ø¸®°¡ ÇÕ»ýÇÏ´Â »ç½ÇÀÇ Á÷Á¢Å¿¡ Àû¿ëµÈ´Ù´Â Á¡¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ÁÖü´Â ±× ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¹Ì¿ÏÀÇ À§»ó¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Àڱ⠺ñÆÇ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ÇÕ»ýÀÇ °úÁ¤¿¡¼­ ½º½º·Î¸¦ ¿Ï°áÁþ´Â´Ù. ¶Ç ´Ù¸¥ Àǹ̿¡¼­ ±× ÁÖüÀû ÁöÇâÀº ±× ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ÀÚÀ²¼º¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Á¸Àç·ÐÀû ¿ø¸®¸¦ Á¦ÇÑÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÁÖüÀû ÁöÇâÀÇ ÃÖÃÊÀÇ ´Ü°è´Â ½ÅÀÇ º»¼º ¼Ó¿¡¼­ °³³äÀûÀ¸·Î ½ÇÇöµÈ, »ç¹°µéÀÇ ºÒ°¡ÇÇÇÑ Áú¼­·ÎºÎÅÍ ±× ÁÖü°¡ °è½ÂÇÑ ±âº» Àç»êÀÌ´Ù. ÇÕ»ýÇÏ´Â ÁÖüÀÇ Á÷Á¢Å´ ±× ÁÖü ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Àڱ⠱¸¼ºÀ» »ý»ýÇÏ°Ô ÁöÇâÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ¼º¸³µÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ ±× ÁöÇâÀÇ ÃÖÃÊÀÇ ´Ü°è´Â ½ÅÀÇ º»¼º¿¡ »Ñ¸®¸¦ ³»¸®°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ±× ÁöÇâÀÇ ¿Ï°áÀº ÀÚ±â ÃÊ¿ùÀû ÁÖüÀÇ Àڱ⠿øÀÎ ÀÛ¿ë¿¡ ÀÇÁ¸ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ½ÅÀÇ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ±â´ÉÀº ±×¸®½º »ç»óÀ̳ª ºÒ±³ »ç»ó¿¡ ³ªÅ¸³ª ÀÖ´Â »ç¹°µéÀÇ ³ÃȤÇÑ ÀÛ¿ë°ú À¯»çÇÏ´Ù. ÃÖÃÊÀÇ ÁöÇâÀº ±× ¸·´Ù¸¥ °ñ¸ñ¿¡ ÀÖ¾î ÃÖ¼±ÀÇ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¸¸ÀÏ ±× ÃÖ¼±ÀÇ °ÍÀÌ ¾ÇÀÌ µÉ °æ¿ì, ½ÅÀÇ ÀÜÀμºÀº ÀçÇØÀÇ ¿©½Å ¾ÆÅ×Ate·Î ÀÇÀÎÈ­µÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÂßÁ¤ÀÌ´Â ºÒ ¼Ó¿¡ ´øÁ®Áø´Ù. ½ÅÀÌ ÇàÇϤѤ¤ ³ÃȤÇÑ ÀÛ¿ëÀº <Áú¼­>¸¦ ÇâÇÑ ÁöÇâÀ¸·Î¼­ÀÇ °¡Ä¡Æò°¡ÀÌ´Ù. ±×¸®°í <Áú¼­>¶õ, Á¶Á¤µÈ ´ëºñ¿¡¼­ »ý±ä ÆÐÅÏÈ­µÈ °­µµÀÇ ´À³¦À» ¼ö¹ÝÇÑ Çö½ÇŸ¦ Çã¿ëÇÏ´Â <»çȸ>¸¦ ÀǹÌÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ·± Àǹ̿¡¼­ ½ÅÀº ±¸Ã¼È­ÀÇ ¿ø¸®ÀÌ´Ù. Áï ½ÅÀº °¢°¢ÀÇ ½Ã°£Àû ÇÕ»ý¿¡ ±× Àڱ⠿øÀÎ ÀÛ¿ëÀÇ Ãâ¹ßÁ¡ÀÌ µÇ´Â ÃÖÃÊÀÇ ÁöÇâÀ» ºÎ¿©ÇÏ´Â ±×·± Çö½ÇÀû Á¸ÀçÀÎ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±× ÃÖÃÊÀÇ ÁöÇâÀº °³³äÀû ´À³¦À» À§ÇÑ ¿µ¿øÀû °´Ã¼µéÀÇ ÃÖÃÊÀÇ ¿©·¯ °èÃþÈ­µÈ °ü·ÃÀ» °áÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù. ±×¸®°í ±×°ÍÀº, ±× ÃÖÃÊÀÇ °¡Ä¡Æò°¡ ¹× ÃÖÃÊÀÇ ¹°¸®Àû ¸ñÀûÀ» ¼ö¹ÝÇÏ°í¼­ ±× ´À³¦ÀÇ ÃÖÃÊÀû À§»ó¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ±×·± ÀÚÀ²Àû ÁÖü¸¦ ±¸¼ºÇÑ´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ Çö½Ç ¼¼°è·ÎºÎÅÍ ±× ¼¼°è¿Í »ó°üÀûÀÎ »õ·Î¿î ÇÕ»ýÀ¸·ÎÀÇ Ã¢Á¶¼ºÀÇ ÀÌÇàÀ» Á¶°ÇÁþ´Â °ÍÀº ½ÅÀÇ Àü Æ÷°ýÀûÀÎ °³³äÀû °¡Ä¡Æò°¡¿Í, Çö½Ç ¼¼°è·ÎºÎÅÍ Àü´ÞµÇ´Â ƯÁ¤ÇÑ °¡´Éŵé°úÀÇ °ü·Ã¼º ¹× ÀÌ Çö½Ç ¼¼°è¿Í ÃÖÃÊÀÇ ´À³¦¿¡ ÀÖ¾î ÀÌ¿ëµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÃÖÃÊÀÇ ÁÖüÀû Çü½ÄÀÇ ¿©·¯ °¡´Éŵé°úÀÇ °ü·Ã¼ºÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ·¸°Ô Çؼ­ ¹°¸®ÀûÀÎ °Í°ú Á¤½ÅÀûÀÎ °ÍÀÇ ºÐ¸® ºÒ°¡´ÉÇÑ ¾ç±ØÀû ±¸Á¶¸¦ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Â ±× ÃÖÃÊÀÇ À§»ó¿¡ À־ÀÇ ÇÕ»ýÇÏ´Â ÁÖü°¡ ±¸¼ºµÇ±â¿¡ À̸¥´Ù.

245. If we prefer the phraseology, we can say that God and the actual world jointly constitute the character of the creativity for the initial phase of the novel concrescence. The subject, thus constituted, is the autonomous n}aster of its own concrescence into subject-superject. It passes from a subjective aim in concrescence into a superject with objective immortality. At any stage it is subject-superject. According to this explanation, self-determination is always imaginative in its origin. The deterministic efficient causation is the inflow of the actual world in its own proper character of its own feelings, with their own intensive strength, felt and re-enacted by the novel concrescent subject. But this re-enaction has a mere character of conformation to pattern. The subjective valuation is the work of novel conceptual feeling; and in proportion to its importance, acquired in complex processes of integration and reintegration, this autonomous conceptual element modifies the subjective forms throughout the whole range of feeling in that concrescence and thereby guides the integrations.

441. ±¦Âú´Ù¸é¿ì¸®´Â À̸¦ ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ Ç¥ÇöÇÒ ¼öµµ ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. Áï ½Å°ú Çö½Ç¼¼°è´Â °øµ¿À¸·Î, »õ·Î¿î ÇÕ»ýÀÇ ÃÖÃÊÀÇ À§»óÀ» À§ÇÑ Ã¢Á¶¼ºÀÇ ¼º°ÝÀ» ±¸¼ºÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ·¸°Ô ±¸¼ºµÈ ÁÖü´Â ±× ÀÚ½ÅÀ» Á÷Á¢ ÇÕ»ýÇÏ¿© ÀÚ±â ÃÊ¿ùü·Î ³ª¾Æ°¡´Â ÀÚÀ²ÀûÀÎ ÁÖÀÎÀÌ´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº ÇÕ»ý¿¡ À־ ÁÖüÀû ÁöÇâÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ °´Ã¼Àû ºÒ¸ê¼ºÀ» Áö´Ï´Â ÀÚ±â ÃÊ¿ùü·Î ÀÌÇàÇØ °£´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº ¾î´À ´Ü°è¿¡¼­³ª ÀÚ±â ÃÊ¿ùÀû ÁÖüÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ ¼³¸í¿¡ µû¸¥´Ù¸é, Àڱ⠰áÁ¤Àº ±× ±â¿ø¿¡ ÀÖ¾î Ç×»ó »ó»ó·Â¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø´Ù. °áÁ¤·ÐÀûÀÎ ÀÛ¿ëÀÎÀº Çö½Ç ¼¼°è°¡ ±× ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ´À³¦µé – »õ·Î¿î ÇÕ»ý ÁÖü¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ´À²¸Áö°í À翬µÇ´Â, ±×µé ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ °­µµ¸¦ ¼ö¹ÝÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ±×·± ´À³¦µé – ¿¡¼­ ¿À´Â ±× ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ °íÀ¯ÇÑ ¼º°Ý¿¡ À־ À¯ÀԵǴ °ÍÀ» ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÀÌ À翬Àº ÆÐÅÏÀÇ ¼øÀÀÀ̶ó´Â ´Ü¼øÇÑ ¼º°ÝÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÁÖüÀú °¡Ä¡ Æò°¡´Â »õ·Î¿î °³³äÀû ´À³¦ÀÇ ÀÛ¿ëÀÌ´Ù. ±×¸®°í ÅëÇÕ°ú ÀçÅëÇÕÀÇ º¹ÀâÇÑ ¿©·¯ °úÁ¤¿¡¼­ ȹµæµÇ´Â ±× Áֿ伺¿¡ µû¶ó, ÀÌ ÀÚÀ²ÀûÀÎ °³³äÀû ¿ä¼Ò´Â ±× ÇÕ»ý¿¡ À־ ´À³¦ÀÇ ¹üÀ§ Àüü¿¡ °ÉÃÄ ÁÖüÀû Çü½ÄµéÀ» ¼öÁ¤Çϸç, À̸¦ ÅëÇؼ­ ÅëÇÕÀ» À̲ø¾î°£´Ù.

276. The chain of stages in which a physical purpose originates is simpler than in the case of intellectual feelings: (i) there is a physical feeling; (ii) the primary conceptual correlate of the physical feeling is generated, according to categoreal condition Iv; (iii) this physical feeling is integrated with its conceptual correlate to form the physical purpose. Such physical purposes are called physical purposes of the first species. In such a physical purpose, the datum is the generic contrast between the nexus, felt in the physical feeling, and the eternal object valued in the conceptual feeling. This eternal object is also exemplified as the pattern of the nexus. Thus the conceptual valuation now closes in upon the feeling of the nexus as it stands in the generic contrast, exemplifying the valued eternal object. This valuation accorded to the physical feeling endows the transcendent creativity with the character of adversion, or of aversion. The character of adversion secures the reproduction of the physical feeling, as one element in the objectification of the subject beyond itself. Such reproduction may be thwarted by incompatible objectification derived from other feelings. But a physical feeling, whose valuation produces adversion, is thereby an element with some force of persistence into the future beyond its own subject. It is felt and re-enacted down a route of occasions forming an enduring object. Finally this chain of transmission meets with incompatibilities, and is attenuated, or modified, or eliminated from further endurance.

489. ¹°¸®Àû ¸ñÀûÀÌ »ý±â´Â ÀÏ·ÃÀÇ ´Ü°èµéÀº Áö¼ºÀû ´À³¦ÀÇ °æ¿ìº¸´Ù ´Ü¼øÇÏ´Ù. Áï i) ¹°¸®Àû ´À³¦ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ii) ¹°¸®Àû ´À³¦ÀÇ ÀÏÂ÷ÀûÀÎ °³³äÀû »ó°üÀÚ°¡ ¹üÁÖÀûÁ¶°Ç IV¿¡ µû¶ó »êÃâµÈ´Ù. iii) ÀÌ ¹°¸®Àû ´À³¦Àº ±× °³³äÀû »ó°üÀÚ¿Í ÅëÇÕµÇ¾î ¹°¸®Àû ¸ñÀûÀ» Çü¼ºÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¹°¸®Àû ¸ñÀûÀº Á¦1Á¾ÀÇ ¹°¸®Àû ¸ñÀûÀ̶ó°í ºÒ¸°´Ù.
ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¹°¸®Àû ¸ñÀû¿¡ ÀÖ¾î ¿©°ÇÀº, ¹°¸®Àû ´À³¦¿¡¼­ ´À²¸Áø °áÇÕü¿Í °³³äÀû ´À³¦¿¡¼­ Æò°¡µÈ ¿µ¿øÀû °´Ã¼°£ÀÇ À¯Àû ´ëºñÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ ¿µ¿øÀû °´Ã¼´Â ¶ÇÇÑ °áÇÕüÀÇ ÆÐÅÏÀ¸·Î¼­ ¿¡ÁõµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¡¼­ ÀÌÁ¦ °³³äÀû °¡Ä¡ Æò°¡´Â, Æò°¡µÈ ¿µ¿øÀû °´Ã¼¸¦ ¿¹ÁõÇϸ鼭 À¯Àû ´ëºñ ¼Ó¿¡ ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î¼­ÀÇ °áÇÕü¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ´À³¦ À§¿¡ ¹Ð·Áµç´Ù. ÀÌ ¹°¸®Àû ´À³¦¿¡ ºÎ¿©µÇ´Â °¡Ä¡Æò°¡´Â ÃÊ¿ùÀûÀΠâÁ¶¼º¿¡´Ù ¿ªÀÛ¿ëÀ̳ª Çø¿ÀÀÇ ¼º°ÝÀ» Á¦°øÇÑ´Ù. ¿ªÀÛ¿ëÀÇ ¼º°ÝÀº ÀÚ½ÅÀ» ³Ñ¾î¼­´Â ÁÖüÀÇ °´Ã¼È­¿¡ À־ÀÇ ÇÑ ¿ä¼Ò·Î¼­ ¹°¸®Àû ´À³¦À» Àç»ý½ÃŲ´Ù. ±×·¯ÇÑ Àç»ýÀº ´Ù¸¥ ´À³¦À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ÆÄ»ýµÇ´Â ¾ç¸³ ºÒ°¡´ÉÇÑ °´Ã¼È­¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ÁÂÀýµÉ ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ±× °¡Ä¡ Æò°¡°¡ ¿ªÀÛ¿ëÀ» ³º°Ô µÇ´Â ¹°¸®Àû ´À³¦Àº À̶§¿¡ ±× ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ÁÖü¸¦ ³Ñ¾î¼­¼­ ¹Ì·¡¿¡·Î ¿µ¼ÓÇØ °¡´Â ¾î¶² ÈûÀ» °®´Â ¿ä¼Ò°¡ µÈ´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº Á¸¼ÓÇÏ´Â °´Ã¼¸¦ Çü¼ºÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â °è±âµéÀÇ °á·Î¸¦ µû¶ó ´À²¸Áö°í À翬µÈ´Ù. ÃÖÁ¾ÀûÀ¸·Î ÀÌ ÀÏ·ÃÀÇ Àü´ÞÀº ¿©·¯ ¾ç¸³ ºÒ°¡´ÉÇÑ °Í°ú ¸¸³ª¼­, ¾àÈ­µÇ°Å³ª, º¯ÇüµÇ°Å³ª ´õ ÀÌ»ó Áö¼ÓµÉ ¼ö ¾ø°Ô µÈ´Ù.

277. When there is aversion, instead of adversion, the transcendent creativity assumes the character that it inhibits, or attenuates, the objectification of that subject in the guise of that feeling. Thus aversion tends to eliminate one possibility by which the subject may itself be objectified in the future. Thus adversions promote stability; and aversions promote change without any indication of the sort of change. In itself an aversion promotes the elimination of content, and the lapse into triviality.

490. ¿ªÀÛ¿ë ´ë½Å Çø¿À°¡ ÀÖ´Â °æ¿ì, ÃÊ¿ùÀû âÁ¶¼ºÀº ±× ´À³¦À» ±¸½Ç·Î ÇÏ¿© ±× ÁÖüÀÇ °´Ã¼È­¸¦ ¾ïÁ¦Çϰųª ¾àÈ­½ÃÅ°´Â ¼º°ÝÀ» ¶í´Ù. ±×·¡¼­ Çø¿À´Â ÁÖü°¡ ¹Ì·¡¿¡ À־ ½º½º·Î °´Ã¼È­µÉÁöµµ ¸ð¸£´Â ÇϳªÀÇ °¡´É¼ºÀ» Á¦°Å½ÃÅ°´Â °æÇâÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ ¿ªÀÛ¿ëÀº ¾ÈÁ¤¼ºÀ» Á¶ÀåÇÏ°í, Çø¿À´Â º¯È­ÀÇ Á¾·ù¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¾Æ¹«·± Áöħµµ ¾øÀÌ º¯È­¸¦ Á¶ÀåÇÑ´Ù. Çø¿À´Â ±× º»Áú¿¡ ÀÖ¾î, ³»¿ëÀÇ ¹èÁ¦¿Í »ç¼Ò¼ºÀ¸·ÎÀÇ ÀüÀ̸¦ Á¶ÀåÇÑ´Ù.

277. The bare character of mere responsive re-enaction constituting the original physical feeling in its first phase is enriched in the second phase by the valuation accruing from integration with the conceptual correlate. In this way, the dipolar character of concrescent experience provides in the physical pole for the objective side of experience, derivative from an external actual world, and provides in the mental pole for the subjective side of experience, derivative from the subjective conceptual valuations correlate to the physical feelings. The mental operations have a double office. They achieve, in the immediate subject, the subjective aim of that subject as to the satisfaction to be obtained from its own initial data. In this way the decision derived from the actual world, which is the efficient cause, is completed by the decision embodied in the subjective aim, which is the final cause. Secondly, the physical purposes of a subject by their valuations determine the relative efficiency of the various feelings to enter into the objectifications of that subject in the creative advance beyond itself. In this function. the mental operations determine their subject in its character of an efficient cause. Thus the mental pole is the link whereby the creativity is endowed with the double character of final causation, and efficient causation. The mental pole is constituted by the decisions in virtue of which matters of fact enter into the character of the creativity. It has no necessary connection with consciousness; though, where there is origination of intellectual feelings, consciousness does in fact enter into the subjective forms.

490. ±× ÃÖÃÊÀÇ À§»ó¿¡ À־ÀÇ ÃÖÃÊÀÇ ¹°¸®Àû ´À³¦À» ±¸¼ºÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ¼øÀüÇÑ È£ÀÀÀûÀÎ À翬ÀÇ ´Ü¼øÇÑ ¼º°ÝÀº Á¦2ÀÇ À§»ó¿¡ ÀÖ¾î, °³³äÀû »ó°üÀÚ¿ÍÀÇ ÅëÇÕ¿¡¼­ »ý±â´Â °¡Ä¡ Æò°¡¿¡ ÀÇÇؼ­ dzºÎÇØÁø´Ù. ÀÌ·¸°Ô Çؼ­ ÇÕ»ýÁß¿¡ ÀÖ´Â °æÇèÀÇ ¾ç±ØÀû ¼º°ÝÀº, ±× ¹°¸®Àû ±Ø¿¡ À־´Â ¿ÜÀû Çö½Ç°è·ÎºÎÅÍ ÆÄ»ýµÇ´Â °æÇèÀÇ °´Ã¼Àû Ãø¸é¿¡ À̹ÙÁöÇÏ°í, Á¤½ÅÀû ±Ø¿¡ À־´Â ¹°¸®Àû ´À³¦µé¿¡ ¿¬°üµÈ ÁÖüÀûÀÎ °³³äÀû °¡Ä¡Æò°¡·ÎºÎÅÍ ÆÄ»ýµÇ´Â °æÇèÀÇ ÁÖüÀû Ãø¸é¿¡ À̹ÙÁöÇÑ´Ù. Á¤½ÅÀû ÀÛ¿ëµéÀº ÀÌÁßÀÇ ÀÓ¹«¸¦ °®´Â´Ù. ±×°ÍµéÀº Á÷Á¢Àû ÁÖü ¼Ó¿¡¼­, ±× ÁÖüÀÇ ÃÖÃÊÀÇ ¿©°ÇÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¾ò¾îÁú ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¸¸Á·°ú °ü·ÃÇÏ¿© ±× ÁÖüÀÇ ÁÖüÀû ÁöÇâÀ» ȹµæÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ·¸°Ô Çؼ­ ÀÛ¿ëÀÎÀÎ Çö½Ç ¼¼°è·ÎºÎÅÍ ÆÄ»ýµÇ´Â °æÇèÀÇ °´Ã¼Àû Ãø¸é¿¡ À̹ÙÁöÇÏ°í, Á¤½ÅÀû ±Ø¿¡ À־´Â ¹°¸®Àû ´À³¦µé¿¡ ¿¬°üµÈ ÁÖüÀûÀÎ °³³äÀû °¡Ä¡Æò°¡·ÎºÎÅÍ ÆÄ»ýµÇ´Â °æÇèÀÇ ÁÖüÀû Ãø¸é¿¡ À̹ÙÁöÇÑ´Ù. Á¤½ÅÀû ÀÛ¿ëµéÀº ÀÌÁßÀÇ ÀÓ¹«¸¦ °®´Â´Ù. ±×°ÍµéÀº Á÷Á¢Àû ÁÖü ¼Ó¿¡¼­, ±× ÁÖüÀÇ ÃÖÃÊÀÇ ¿©°ÇÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¾ò¾îÁú ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¸¸Á·°ú °ü·ÃÇÏ¿© ±× ÁÖüÀÇ ÁÖüÀû ÁöÇâÀ» ȹµæÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ·¸°Ô Çؼ­ ÀÛ¿ëÀÎÀÌ Çö½Ç ¼¼°è·ÎºÎÅÍ ÆÄ»ýµÈ °á´ÜÀº, ¸ñÀûÀÎÀÎ ÁÖüÀû ÁöÇâ ¼Ó¿¡¼­ ±¸ÇöµÈ °á´Ü¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¿Ï°áµÈ´Ù. ´ÙÀ½À¸·Î ¾î¶² ÁÖüÀÇ ¹°¸®Àû ¸ñÀûÀº ±× °¡Ä¡ Æò°¡¿¡ ÀÇÇؼ­, ½º½º·Î¸¦ ÃÊ¿ùÇϴ âÁ¶Àû ÀüÁø¿¡ À־ÀÇ ±× ÁÖüÀÇ °´Ã¼È­ ¼ÓÀ¸·Î µé¾î°¡´Â ¿©·¯ ´À³¦µéÀÇ »ó´ëÀû È¿°ú¸¦ °áÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ ±â´É °¡¿îµ¥¼­ Á¤½ÅÀû ÀÛ¿ëÀº ±× ÁÖü¸¦ ÀÛ¿ëÀÎÀÇ ¼º°ÝÀ¸·Î °áÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ Á¤½ÅÀû ±ØÀº âÁ¶¼º¿¡ ¸ñÀûÀΰú ÀÛ¿ëÀÎÀ̶ó´Â µÎ °¡Áö ¼º°ÝÀ» ºÎ¿©ÇÏ´Â °í¸®¶ó°í ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. Á¤½ÅÀû ±ØÀº »çŸ¦ âÁ¶¼º ¼ÓÀ¸·Î ¸ô°í°¡´Â ¿©·¯ °á´ÜÀ¸·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº Àǽİú ¾Æ¹«·± ÇÊ¿¬ÀûÀÎ ¿¬°üµµ ¾ø´Ù. ºñ·Ï Áö¼ºÀû ´À³¦ÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì¿¡´Â ÀǽÄÀÌ ÁÖüÀû Çü½Ä ¼ÓÀ¸·Î ½ÇÁ¦·Î °³ÀÔÇØ µé¾î°¡±â´Â ÇÏÁö¸¸.

279. When this reverted conceptual feeling acquires a relatively high intensity of upward valuation in its subjective form, the resulting integration of physical feeling, primary conceptual feeling, and secondary conceptual feeling, produces a more complex physical purpose than in the former case when the reverted conceptual feeling was negligible. There is now the physical feeling as valued by its integration with the primary conceptual feeling, the integration with the contrasted secondary conceptual feeling, the heightening of the scale of subjective intensity by the introduction of conceptual contrast, and the concentration of this heightened intensity upon the reverted [426] feeling in virtue of its being the novel factor introducing the contrast. The physical purpose thus provides the creativity with a complex character, which is governed (i) by the Category of Conceptual Reversion, in virtue of which the secondary conceptual feeling arises, (ii) by the Category of Transmutation, in virtue of which conceptual feeling can be transmitted as physical feeling, (iii) by the Category of Subjective Harmony, in virtue of which the subjective forms of the two conceptual feelings are adjusted to procure the subjective aim, and (iv) by the Category of Subjective Intensity, in virtue of which the aim is determined to the attainment of balanced intensity from feelings integrated in virtue of near-identity, and contrasted in virtue of reversions.

493. ÀÌ ¿ªÀüµÈ ´À³¦ÀÌ ±× ÁÖüÀû Çü½Ä¿¡ ÀÖ¾î ºñ±³Àû °íµµÀÇ »óÇâÀûÀÎ °¡Ä¡ Æò°¡ÀÇ °­µµ¸¦ ȹµæÇÏ°Ô µÉ ¶§, ±×·ÎºÎÅÍ ±Í°áµÇ´Â ¹°¸®Àû ´À³¦°ú ÃÖÃÊÀÇ °³³äÀû ´À³¦°ú ÀÌÂ÷ÀûÀÎ °³³äÀû ´À³¦°úÀÇ ÅëÇÕÀº, ¿ªÀüµÈ °³³äÀû ´À³¦ÀÌ ¹«½ÃµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´ø ÀüÀÚÀÇ °æ¿ì¼¼¼­º¸´Ùµµ ´õ º¹ÇÕÀûÀÎ ¹°¸®Àû ¸ñÀûÀ» »êÃâÇÑ´Ù.±×·¡¼­ ÀÌÁ¦ ÃÖÃÊÀÇ °³³äÀû ´À³¦°úÀÇ ÅëÇÕ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ °¡Ä¡ Æò°¡µÈ °ÍÀ¸·Î¼­ÀÇ ¹°¸®Àû ´À³¦, ´ëºñµÈ ÀÌÂ÷ÀûÀÎ °³³äÀû ´À³¦°úÀÇ ÅëÇÕ, °³³äÀû ´ëºñÀÇ µµÀÔ¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ÁÖüÀû °­µµÀÇ µî±ÞÀÇ »ó½Â, ±×¸®°í ¿ªÀüµÈ ´À³¦ÀÌ ÀÌ ´ëºñ¸¦ µµÀÔÇÏ´Â »õ·Î¿î ¿äÀÎÀ̱⠶§¹®¿¡ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁö´Â, ÀÌ ¿ªÀüµÈ ´À³¦¿¡ÀÇ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ »ó½ÂµÈ °­µµÀÇ ÁýÁßÀÌ ÀÖ°Ô µÈ´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ ¹°¸®Àû ¸ñÀûÀº âÁ¶¼º¿¡´Ù º¹ÇÕÀûÀÎ ¼º°ÝÀ» ºÎ¿©ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ º¹ÇÕÀû ¼º°ÝÀº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº °Íµé¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Áö¹èµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù. Áï ±×°ÍÀº i) °³³äÀû ¿ªÀüÀÇ ¹üÁÖ – À̸¦ ÅëÇؼ­ ÀÌÂ÷ÀûÀÎ °³³äÀû ´À³¦ÀÌ »ý°Ü³­´Ù – ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ±× µÎ °³³äÀû ´À³¦ÀÇ ÁÖüÀû Çü½ÄµéÀÌ ÁÖüÀû ÁöÇâÀ» Á¶´ÞÇϵµ·Ï Á¶Á¤µÈ´Ù – ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ, ii) º¯È¯ÀÇ ¹üÁÖ – À̸¦ ÅëÇØ °³³äÀû ´À³¦Àº ¹°¸®Àû ´À³¦À¸·Î¼­ Àü´ÞµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù – ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ, iii) ÁÖüÀû Á¶È­ÀÇ ¹üÁÖ – À̸¦ ÅëÇØ ±× µÎ °³³äÀû ´À³¦ÀÇ ÁÖüÀû Çü½ÄµéÀÌ ÁÖüÀû ÁöÇâÀ» Á¶´ÞÇϵµ·Ï Á¶Á¤µÈ´Ù – ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ, ±×¸®°í iv) ÁÖüÀû °­µµÀÇ ¹üÁÖ – À̸¦ ÅëÇØ ±× ÁöÇâÀº, °¡±î¿î µ¿Àϼº¿¡ ¤ÑÀÌÇØ ÅëÇÕµÇ°í ¶Ç ¿ªÀü¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ´ëºñµÈ ´À³¦µé·ÎºÎÅÍ ±ÕÇü ÀâÈù °­µµ¸¦ ´Þ¼ºÇϵµ·Ï °áÁ¤µÈ´Ù – ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Áö¹èµÇ°í ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù.


280. These two principles are derived from the doctrine that an actual fact is a fact of aesthetic experience. All aesthetic experience is feeling arising out of the realization of contrast under identity. In the expansion of this account which has been given here, a third principle has been added, that new forms enter into positive realizations first as conceptual experience, and are then transmuted into physical experience. But conceptual experience does not in itself involve consciousness; its essence is valuation. Between physical purposes and the conscious purposes introduced by the intellectual feelings there lie the propositional feelings which have not acquired consciousness in their subjective forms by association with intellectual feelings. Such propositional feelings mark a stage of existence intermediate between the purely physical stage and the stage of conscious intellectual operations. The propositions are lures for feelings, and give to feelings a definiteness of enjoyment and purpose which is absent in the blank evaluation of physical feeling into physical purpose. In this blank evaluation we have merely the determination of the comparative creative efficacies of the component feelings of actual entities. In a propositional feeling there is the 'hold up' or, in its original sense, the epoch of the valuation of the predicative pattern in its relevance to the definite logical subjects which are otherwise felt as definite elements in experience. There is the arrest of the emotional pattern round this sheer fact .as a possibility, with the corresponding gain in distinctness of its relevance to the future. The particular possibility for the transcendent creativity in the sense of its advance from subject to subject this particular possibility has been picked out, held up, and clothed with emotion. The stage of existence in which propositional feelings are important, apart from intellectual feelings, may be identified with Bergson's stage of pure and instinctive intuition. There are thus three stages, the stage of pure physical purpose, the stage of pure instinctive intuition, and the stage of intellectual feelings. But these stages are not sharply distinguished. There are stages in which there are propositional feelings with every degree of importance or of unimportance; there are stages in which there are intellectual feelings with every degree of importance or of unimportance. Also, even in a higher stage, there are whole recesses of feeling which in the final satisfaction acquire merely the characteristics of their own proper stage, physical or propositional.

494. ÀÌ µÎ ¿ø¸®´Â Çö½ÇÀû »ç½ÇÀ̶õ ¹ÌÀû °æÇèÀÇ »ç½ÇÀ̶ó´Â Çм³¿¡¼­ µµÃâµÈ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¸ðµç ¹ÌÀû °æÇèÀº µ¿Àϼº ¾Æ·¡¿¡¼­ÀÇ ´ëºñÀÇ ½ÇÇöÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ »ý°Ü³ª´Â ´À³¦ÀÌ´Ù.
¿©±â¿¡¼­ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø ¼³¸íÀ» ºÎ¿¬ÇÏ´Â °¡¿îµ¥ Á¦3ÀÇ ¿ø¸®, Áï »õ·Î¿î Çü»óÀº ¿ì¼± °³³äÀû °æÇèÀ¸·Î¼­ ±àÁ¤ÀûÀ¸·Î ½ÇÇöµÇ°í, À̾ ¹°¸®Àû °æÇèÀ¸·Î º¯È¯µÈ´Ù´Â ¿ø¸®°¡ ºÎ°¡µÇ¾ú´Ù. ±×·¯³ª °³³äÀû °æÇèÀº ±× º»Áú¿¡ ÀÖ¾î ÀǽÄÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ±× º»ÁúÀº °¡Ä¡Æò°¡ÀÌ´Ù.
¹°¸®Àû ¸ñÀû°ú Áö¼ºÀû ´À³¦¿¡ ÀÇÇØ µµÀÔµÈ ÀǽÄÀû ¸ñÀû »çÀÌ¿¡´Â, Áö¼ºÀû ´À³¦°úÀÇ ¿¬ÇÕ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ±× ÁÖüÀû Çü½Ä¿¡ ÀÖ¾î ÀǽÄÀ» ȹµæÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ¸íÁ¦Àû ´À³¦ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¸íÁ¦Àû ´À³¦Àº ¼ø¼öÇÑ ¹°¸®Àû ´Ü°Ô¿Í ÀǽÄÀûÀÎ Áö¼ºÀû ÀÛ¿ëÀÇ ´Ü°è »çÀÌ¿¡ ÀÕ´Â Áß°£ÀûÀÎ Á¸ÀçÀÚÀÇ ´Ü°è¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³»°í ÀÖ´Ù. ¸íÁ¦´Â´À³¦¿¡ÀÇ À¯È¤À¸·Î¼­, ¹°¸®Àû ´À³¦À» ¹°¸®Àû ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î °¡°¨ ¾øÀÌ ±×´ë·Î Æò°¡ÇÑ´Ù´Â µ¥¿¡´Â °á¿©µÇ°í ÀÖ´Â ÇâÀ¯¿Í ¸ñÀûÀÇ ÇÑÁ¤¼ºÀ» ´À³¦¿¡´Ù ºÎ¿©ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ¿Í °°Àº °¡°¨ ¾ø´Â Æò°¡¿¡¼­´Â ´ÜÁö Çö½ÇÀû Á¸À縦 ±¸¼ºÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ´À³¦µéÀÇ ºñ±³ÀûÀΠâÁ¶Àû È¿°ú¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °áÁ¤ÀÌ ÀÖÀ» µû¸§ÀÌ´Ù. ¸íÁ¦Àû ´À³¦¿¡´Â °æÇèÀÇ Æ¯Á¤ÇÑ ¿ä¼Ò·Î¼­ ´Þ¸® ´À²¸Áö±âµµ ÇÏ´ÂƯÁ¤ÀÇ ³í¸®Àû ÁÖ¾î¿Í °ü·ÃÇÏ¿©, ¼ú¾îÀû ÆÐÅÏ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Æò°¡ÀÇ <ÁßÁö>hold up – ¶Ç´Â ±× ¸»ÀÇ º»·¡ÀÇ Àǹ̷ΠÇÏÀÚ¸é <Á¤Áö>epoch – °¡ ÀÖ°Ô µÈ´Ù. °¡´ÉÅ·μ­ÀÇ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ´ÜÀûÀÎ »ç½ÇÀÇ ÁÖº¯¿¡´Â Á¤¼­Àû ÆÐÅÏÀÌ ¾ô¸Å¿© Àִµ¥, ÀÌ °¡´ÉÅ´ ÀڽŰú ¹Ì·¡¿ÍÀÇ °ü·ÃÀÇ ÆÇ¸í¼º¿¡ ÀÖ¾î ±×¿¡ »óÀÀÇÏ´Â ÀÌÁ¢À» µ¿¹ÝÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÁÖü·ÎºÎÅÍ ÁÖü·ÎÀÇ ÁøÀüÀ̶ó´Â ÀǹÌÀÇ ÀÌ ÃÊ¿ùÀû âÁ¶¼ºÀ» À§ÇÑ °³º°ÀûÀÎ °¡´ÉÅ´Â, Æ÷¼·µÇ°í, ÁöÁöµÇ°í, Á¤¼­·Î µÚµ¤Çô ¿Ô´Ù. ¸íÁ¦Àû ´À³¦ÀÌ Áß¿äÇÏ°Ô µÇ´Â Á¸ÀçÀÚÀÇ ´Ü°è´Â Áö¼ºÀû ´À³¦À» º°¹®Á¦·Î ÇÑ´Ù¸é, º£¸£±×¼ÛÀÌ ¸»ÇÏ´Â ¼ø¼öÇÏ°í º»´ÉÀûÀÎ Á÷°üÀÇ ´Ü°è¿Í µ¿ÀÏ½ÃµÉ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ ¼ø¼öÇÑ ¹°¸®Àû ¸ñÀûÀÇ ´Ü°è, ¼ø¼öÇÑ º»´ÉÀû Á÷°üÀÇ ´Ü°è, Áö¼ºÀû ´À³¦ÀÇ ´Ü°è¶ó´Â ¼¼ °¡Áö ´Ü°è°¡ ÀÖ´Â ¼ÀÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÀÌ ´Ü°èµéÀÌ ¶Ñ·ÇÀÌ ±¸º°µÇ´Â °ÍÀº ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. Á߿伺 ³»Áö ºñÁ߿伺¿¡¼­ Á¶±Ý¾¿ ±× Á¤µµ¸¦ ´Þ¸®ÇÏ´Â ¸íÁ¦Àû ´À³¦µéÀÌ µé¾î ÀÖ´Â ¿©·¯ ´Ü°èµéÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ¶Ç Á߿伺 ³»Áö ºñÁ߿伺¿¡¼­ Á¶±Ý¾¿ ±× Á¤µµ¸¦ ´Þ¸®ÇÏ´Â Áö¼ºÀû ´À³¦µéÀÌ µé¾î ÀÖ´Â ¿©·¯ ´Ü°èµéÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ±×¸®°íº¸´Ù °íÂ÷ÀûÀÎ ´Ü°è¿¡ À־Á¶Â÷µµ ÃÖÁ¾ÀûÀÎ ¸¸Á·¿¡¼­, ¹°¸®ÀûÀÌ¸ç ¸íÁ¦ÀûÀÌ°Ç°£¿¡ ±× ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ °íÀ¯ÇÑ ´Ü°èÀÇ Æ¯Áú¸¸À» ȹµæÇÒ »ÓÀÎ ´À³¦ÀÇ Àü¸éÀûÀÎ ÈÞ½ÄÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.


344. Thus, when we make a distinction of reason, and consider God in the abstraction of a primordial actuality, we must ascribe to him neither fullness of feeling, nor consciousness: He is the unconditioned actuality of conceptual feeling at the base of things; so that, by reason of this primordial actuality, there is an order in the relevance of eternal objects to the process of creation. His unity of conceptual operations is a free creative act, untrammeled by reference to any particular course of things. It is deflected neither by love, nor by hatred, for what in fact comes to pass. The particularities of the actual world presuppose it; while it merely presupposes the general metaphysical character of creative advance, of which it is the primordial exemplification. The primordial nature of God is the acquirement by creativity of a primordial character.

591. µû¶ó¼­ ¿ì¸®°¡ À̼ºÀ¸·Î ±¸º°ÇÏ°í ½ÅÀ» ¿øÃÊÀû Çö½ÇÅÂÀÇ Ã߻󿡼­ °íÂûÇÒ ¶§, ¿ì¸®´Â ´À³¦ÀÇ Ã游¼ºÀ̳ª ÀǽÄÀ» ½Å¿¡°Ô ±Í¼Ó½ÃÄѼ­´Â ¾È µÈ´Ù. ½ÅÀº »ç¹°ÀÇ ¹ÙÅÁ¿¡ ÀÖ´Â °³³äÀû ´À³¦ÀÇ ¹«Á¦¾àÀû Çö½ÇÅÂÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¡¼­ ÀÌ ¿øÃÊÀûÀÎ Çö½ÇÅ ¶§¹®¿¡ âÁ¶ÀÇ °úÁ¤¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿µ¿øÀû °´Ã¼ÀÇ °ü·Ã¿¡´Â Áú¼­°¡ ÀÖ°Ô µÇ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ½ÅÀÇ °³³äÀû ÀÛ¿ëÀÇ ÅëÀϼºÀº ¾î¶°ÇÑ Æ¯¼ö »ç·¹¿ÍÀÇ °ü·Ã¿¡ÀÇÇؼ­µµ ±¸¼Ó¹ÞÁö ¾Ê´Â ÀÚÀ¯·Î¿î âÁ¶Àû ÇàÀ§ÀÌ´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº ½ÇÁ¦·Î ÀϾ´Â °Í¿¡ ´ëÇÑ »ç¶ûÀ̳ª Áõ¿À¿¡ ÀÇÇؼ­ ¿Ö°îµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. Çö½Ç¼¼°èÀÇ ¿Â°® Ư¼ö¼ºÀº ½ÅÀÇ ÅëÀϼºÀ» ÀüÁ¦·Î ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÇÑÆí ½ÅÀÇ ÅëÀϼºÀº ´Ù¸¸ âÁ¶Àû ÀüÁøÀ̶ó´Â ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ ÇüÀÌ»óÇÐÀû ¼º°Ý – ½ÅÀÇ ÅëÀϼºÀº ÀÌ°ÍÀÇ ¿øÃÊÀû ¿¹ÁõÀÌ´Ù – À» ÀüÁ¦·Î ÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ» »ÓÀÌ´Ù. ½ÅÀÇ ¿øÃÊÀûÀº âÁ¶¼º¿¡ ÀÇÇØ È¹µæµÇ´Â ¿øÃÊÀû ¼º°ÝÀÌ´Ù.

348. God and the world are the contrasted opposites in terms of which creativity achieves its supreme task of transforming disjoined multiplicity, with its diversities in opposition, into concrescent unity, with its diversities in contrast. In each actuality there are two concrescent poles of realization 'enjoyment' and 'appetition,' that is, the 'physical' and the 'conceptual.' For God the conceptual is prior to the physical, for the world the physical poles are prior to the conceptual poles.

598. ½Å°ú ¼¼°è´Â´ëºñµÈ ´ë¸³ÀÚÀ̸ç, ÀÌ ´ë¶øÀÚ¿¡ ÀÇÇؼ­ âÁ¶¼ºÀº ´ë¸³¼Ó¿¡ ´Ù¾ç¼ºÀ» °®´Â ÀÌÁ¢ÀûÀÎ ´Ù¼ö¼ºÀ», ´ëºñ¼Ó¿¡ ´Ù¾ç¼ºÀ» °®´Â ÇÕ»ýÀû ÅëÀÏ·Î º¯Çü½ÃÅ°´Â ±× ÃÖ»óÀÇ ÀÓ¹«¸¦ ¼öÇàÇÑ´Ù. °¢ Çö½ÇÅ¿¡´Â, ½ÇÇöÀÇ ÇÕ»ýÇÏ´Â µÎ ±Ø - <ÇâÀ¯>¿Í <¿å±¸>, Áï <¹°¸®ÀûÀÎ °Í>°ú <°³³äÀûÀÎ °Í> - ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ½Å¿¡°Ô À־´Â °³³äÀûÀÎ °ÍÀÌ ¹°¸®ÀûÀÎ °Íº¸´Ù ¿ì¼±Çϸç, ¼¼°è¿¡ À־´Â ¹°¸®ÀûÀÎ ±ØÀÌ °³³äÀûÀÎ ±Øº¸´Ù ¿ì¼±ÇÑ´Ù.

http://theology.co.kr


















Backward Forward Post Reply List