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| [19] F.D.E. Schleiermacher |
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Order No: AAC 9522834 ProQuest - Dissertation Abstracts Title: THE DIVINE BREATH OF IRONY: THE RELIGIOUS CONSCIOUSNESS OF ROMANTIC LITERATURE Author: AXCELSON, JOHN WILLIAM School: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY (0054) Degree: PHD Date: 1995 pp: 262 Advisor: KROEBER, KARL Source: DAI-A 56/03, p. 915, Sep 1995 Subject: LITERATURE, COMPARATIVE (0295); LITERATURE, ENGLISH (0593); RELIGION, PHILOSOPHY OF (0322) Abstract: This dissertation reexamines and historicizes the concept of romantic irony, arguing--based on Schleiermacher's idea of religious consciousness and the writings of Coleridge, Balzac, and Dostoevsky--that the irony characteristic of the romantic period embodies a religious perspective that has been underemphasized in modern criticism. Critics have tended to understand romantic irony as promoting a radically skeptical world view (often without the writer's consciousness or consent); I maintain on the contrary that genuine romantic irony employs skepticism in the construction of a carefully-wrought negative theology. In Chapter One I discuss the inability of modern criticism to understand irony and religion as anything but antagonists. This bias is especially visible in theories of romantic irony, which often simply assume the association of religion with dogma, with stable, univocal meaning. To unsettle such thinking I first explore the religious implications in the work of Friedrich Schlegel, the acknowledged father of romantic irony. Chapter Two continues this argument from the opposite perspective: Here I turn to Schleiermacher--the acknowledged father of modern Protestant theology--and outline the philosophical irony embodied in his crucial notion of religious consciousness. The remainder of the dissertation focuses on literary texts and pursues a single thesis: the works of Coleridge, Balzac, and Dostoevsky shape a peculiarly romantic version of modernity by transforming irony, indeterminacy, uncertainty, etc., into supports rather than threats to religion. True religion, in Coleridge's words, is "such as might be denied." Chapter Three treats Coleridge's The Rime of the Ancient Mariner and argues that the poem's notorious "problems" do not undermine its religious implications but rather deepen them. Chapters Four, Five, and Six explore the links between philosophical irony and religion in Balzac's fiction and include readings of Jesus-Christ en Flandre and Le Lys dans la vallee. Finally, Chapters Seven and Eight survey the religious thought of Dostoevsky, concluding with a reading of Notes from the Underground that argues that the underground man's view of the world is colored by his unrelenting naivete concerning religion: the underground man cannot find solace in religion only because he has constructed a definition of modernity in which religion has no place. Order No: AAC 9513231 ProQuest - Dissertation Abstracts Title: CHRIST AND CHRISTIAN CONDUCT: A STUDY OF FRIEDRICH SCHLEIERMACHER'S CHRISTOLOGY AND THEOLOGICAL ETHICS (SCHLEIERMACHER, FRIEDRICH) Author: PARK, SUNG M. School: THE CLAREMONT GRADUATE SCHOOL (0047) Degree: PHD Date: 1995 pp: 224 Advisor: VERHEYDEN, JACK C. Source: DAI-A 55/12, p. 3888, Jun 1995 Subject: THEOLOGY (0469) Abstract: In his On Religion, Schleiermacher declares the epoch-making manifesto that the essence of religion is neither knowing nor doing, but a determination of feeling. This feeling or piety never appears "purely in itself" but always in conjunction with knowing and doing. Spending his lifetime in justifying such a bold assertion, Schleiermacher explains the connection between religion and dogmatics in Der Christliche Glaube with a radically new understanding of the nature of Christian theology. Schleiermacher, however, could never finish his book on the subject between religion and ethics in his lifetime, even though he lectured on Christian ethics twelve times. Later on, in 1834, Ludwig Jonas edited Die Christliche Sitte from Schleiermacher's handwritten posthumous works and transcribed lecture notes. Until now, only a handful of scholars have tried to understand Schleiermacher's idea of the connection between religion and ethics. In this dissertation, I study Schleiermacher's unfinished work on Christian ethics in order to discover his major theme of theological meaning, both dogmatic and ethical, of Christ the Redeemer, which flows through all aspects of his thought. The dissertation consists of seven major chapters. The first introductory chapter acquaints the reader with the general issues and interests of this present work. In the second chapter, Schleiermacher's fundamental idea on the essence of Christianity is studied. In the third chapter, Schleiermacher's thought on Christian protestant ethics is examined. In the fourth chapter, the Christological foundation in Schleiermacher's theology is studied with reference to its dogmatic and ethical implication. The fifth chapter is devoted to studying the theological methodologies of Christian ethics. In the sixth chapter, the whole schema of Christian ethics is analyzed. The last chapter is for summary and concluding remarks. In this dissertation, I will limit myself to the doctrine of the person and work of Christ and his ethical meaning. The analysis of the doctrine of God, or the explication of sin, etc., even though no one can deny the importance of these subjects, are not within the scope of this dissertation. I mainly focus on the 1830 edition of Der Christliche Glaube, Jonas's edited Die Christliche Sitte, and Hermann Peiter's introductory edition, Christliche Sittenlehre. Order No: AAC 9501555 ProQuest - Dissertation Abstracts Title: THE DARK AND TANGLED RECESSES OF KNOWLEDGE: THEOLOGY AND THE MORAL SCIENCES AT CAMBRIDGE, 1812-1837. (VOLUMES I AND II) (ENGLAND, WHEWELL, WILLIAM, THIRLWALL, CONNOP, ROSE, HUGH JAMES, JONES, RICHARD, HARE, JULIUS) Author: VALONE, DAVID ANDREW School: THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO (0330) Degree: PHD Date: 1994 pp: 361 Advisor: STOCKING, GEORGE W. Source: DAI-A 55/08, p. 2534, Feb 1995 Subject: HISTORY, EUROPEAN (0335); HISTORY OF SCIENCE (0585); EDUCATION, HISTORY OF (0520) Abstract: This work explores the emerging debate over the scientific study of mankind's moral and social constitution through an analysis of a cohort of Cambridge undergraduates. This group, termed the "Trinity Coalition," consisted of the scientific polymath William Whewell, historian Connop Thirlwall, theologian Hugh James Rose, political economist Richard Jones, and philologist Julius Hare. Often working in concert, this group struggled with the philosophical foundations of science, morality, and religion in an attempt to develop a new conceptual system consistent with developments in the social, political, and scientific worlds. For insight into these areas, they turned for inspiration to the romantic impulses emerging from Germany. Whewell took a particular interest in Kant's philosophy. Hare and Thirlwall worked on an extensive program of translation of German theological and historical texts, most notably works by Schleiermacher and Niebuhr. Rose became a disciple of Coleridge and critiqued what he considered the dangerous trends in German rationalist theology. Jones worked to overturn the reductive economics of Ricardo and the utilitarians by undertaking a historical survey of economic systems around the world. I link these varied efforts through the development of three main themes. The first is a study of the vicissitudes of the Romantic movement, particularly the construction of a new scientific epistemology linking reason and the imagination. The second theme follows the transformation of English theology leading to the rise of both the Oxford Movement and the "Broad Church." The third traces an important counter-movement to the rise of utilitarian modes of analyzing human motivation. I argue that the Trinity Coalition's explorations of these "dark and tangled recesses of knowledge" represented an attempt to understand the complex laws that underlay human social and moral development. Their effort to transform these moral sciences was stifled, however, by their becoming involved in a series of political and theological debates. In the end they failed to develop an adequately unified system, leaving their utilitarian opponents as the dominant force in the creation of the new human sciences of the Victorian era. Order No: AAC NN90737 ProQuest - Dissertation Abstracts Title: INTERPRETATION AS THE ENGAGEMENT OF OPERATIONAL ARTIFACTS: OPERATIONAL HERMENEUTICS Author: NAYED, AREF ALI School: UNIVERSITY OF GUELPH (CANADA) (0081) Degree: PHD Date: 1994 pp: 496 Advisor: MITSCHERLING, J. Source: DAI-A 55/09, p. 2864, Mar 1995 Subject: PHILOSOPHY (0422) ISBN: 0-315-90737-1 Abstract: In this thesis, operation analysis and dynamic system modeling techniques are borrowed from Engineering to solve a set of aporiae facing contemporary general hermeneutics. Using these techniques, an 'Operational Hermeneutics' is constructed. This hermeneutics takes texts to be operational artifacts, or human-made dynamic systems. It further takes interpretative activities to be engagements of such artifacts. In these engagements texts are sourced for operations. The fruitfulness of Operational Hermeneutics is demonstrated through the resolution of a set of related problems which presently hinder advancement in Hermeneutics. Operational Hermeneutics offers a manner in which to take into account the obvious diversity of texts and interpretative activities, authorial intentions (as embedded designs), and methodological concerns. The theories of Schleiermacher, Betti, Hirsch, and Gadamer are discussed and critically assessed. Order No: AAC 9429077 ProQuest - Dissertation Abstracts Title: THE DIVINE GOVERNMENT OF THE WORLD: THE FUNCTION OF PROVIDENCE IN THE THEOLOGY OF FRIEDRICH SCHLEIERMACHER Author: CRAVER, BENNIE DALE School: SOUTHWESTERN BAPTIST THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY (0345) Degree: PHD Date: 1994 pp: 270 Advisor: KIRKPATRICK, DAVID Source: DAI-A 55/06, p. 1596, Dec 1994 Subject: RELIGION, HISTORY OF (0320); RELIGION, PHILOSOPHY OF (0322); THEOLOGY (0469) Abstract: Friedrich Daniel Ernst Schleiermacher (1768-1834) is one of the preeminent theological thinkers of all time. Against early nineteenth-century skepticism, Schleiermacher struggles to articulate Christian theology to a generation of scoffers. The method he employs in establishing theological credibility is creative, yet fundamentally flawed. At no other place are the methodological inconsistencies more glaring than in his treatment of the divine government of the world, or providence. This dissertation demonstrates that providence serves an integrative function in Schleiermacher's theological system. Efforts to examine his doctrine of providence must take into account the way in which providence relates to the feeling of absolute dependence upon God, the universal causal nexus, the incarnation of Christ, the experience of redemption, and the nature of the church as the single object of the divine government of the world. The analysis focuses on numerous works of Schleiermacher and, in particular, his important dogmatic presentation, The Christian Faith. Schleiermacher insists that God is discovered only in the feeling which every person has of being absolutely dependent upon an object beyond their comprehension. From the feeling of absolute dependence emerges the notion that human activity originates in a "Whence" outside of one's self. Providence relates to the feeling of absolute dependence because God is the absolute causality. As absolute causality, God creates and governs the world through the universal causal nexus. The goal of the divine government is redemptively motivated and culminates in the founding of the church as a community of those redeemed in Christ. The problem is that providence in Schleiermacher describes little more than an absolute cause (God) grounding and working itself out through the universal system of nature. As the cause or ground of all, God has no reciprocity with the world since his participation would subject him to the finite sequence of cause and effect. In the final analysis, Schleiermacher's providence preserves only the universal system of nature, not the individual person. There is no room for the miraculous, no valid reasons to petition God in prayer, and no living, personal Father who guides, governs, and protects. Order No: AAC 9419823 ProQuest - Dissertation Abstracts Title: CHRISTUS PRAESSENS: WORD AND HISTORY IN THE PREACHING OF JOHN CALVIN AND FRIEDRICH SCHLEIERMACHER Author: DE VRIES, DAWN School: THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO (0330) Degree: PHD Date: 1994 pp: 214 Advisor: CARR, ANNE Source: DAI-A 55/03, p. 611, Sep 1994 Subject: THEOLOGY (0469) Abstract: D. F. Strauss asserted, in his Life of Jesus, that the rise of historical criticism made little difference for preaching in the Christian church. This provides an interesting point of entry into the question of the relationship between classical and liberal Protestantism. Were liberal preachers only beating a hasty retreat when they moved from the "external" miracles of the gospel narratives to the "internal" miracle of faith? Or were they also following a path already opened up by their predecessors? These are the questions explored in this thesis through a comparison of the preaching of John Calvin and Friedrich Schleiermacher on the synoptic gospels. It is argued that Schleiermacher's understanding of preaching as, in effect, an incarnational event that represents the person and work of the Jesus of history may be seen as a genuine development of Calvin's notion of the sacramental Word, a development that made possible a relative indifference about the historical facts of the life of Jesus. In fact, the assaults of historical criticism in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries upon the gospel narratives did not force Schleiermacher to retreat from the claims of precritical theology about the redemptive power of Jesus Christ, but rather encouraged him to apply Reformation principles more radically and consistently. The argument operates on two levels. Construed narrowly, the thesis attempts to contribute to the interpretation of the respective theologies of Calvin and Schleiermacher. More broadly, it makes a historical assertion about doctrinal development in the Protestant tradition. Order No: AAC 9513750 ProQuest - Dissertation Abstracts Title: THE RELIGIOUS FUNCTION OF GENDERED DISCOURSE: SCHLEIERMACHER'S 'FEMININE' IN CONCERT WITH SCHLEGEL'S CRITICISM OF SCHILLER (SCHLEIERMACHER, FRIEDRICH, SCHLEGEL, FRIEDRICH, SCHILLER, FRIEDRICH, GERMAN ROMANTICISM) Author: GUENTHER-GLEASON, PATRICIA ELLEN School: HARVARD UNIVERSITY (0084) Degree: THD Date: 1994 pp: 342 Advisor: NIEBUHR, RICHARD R. Source: DAI-A 55/12, p. 3886, Jun 1995 Subject: THEOLOGY (0469); RELIGION, PHILOSOPHY OF (0322); WOMEN'S STUDIES (0453) Abstract: This dissertation explores the development of Schleiermacher's early thought in the context of his participation in Friedrich Schlegel's criticism of Friedrich Schiller's highly gender-coded aesthetics. It draws attention specifically to language consistently veering off from Schiller's at points where his threatens to disparage, distort, or annihilate "the feminine," the various referents of which constitute part of this study as well. The comparative study of the fate of women and "the feminine" in Schiller's work and that of Schleiermacher and Schlegel is prefaced with some background detailing the existential factors motivating Schleiermacher's and Schlegel's defenses of "the feminine." Also introductory is a general study of the evidence of Schiller's presence in the consciousness of Schlegel and Schleiermacher before and during the time they worked together (1797-1800). Much of the thesis is concerned with investigating the employment of gender concepts for discussing the sense/reason dualism and its resolution. It locates features of Kant's work that eventually fed into the mixture of gender ideology and aesthetic theory that made Schiller's work a focal point of criticism for the Schlegel circle. Of particular significance is Schiller's development, in his essays on tragedy, of the "sublime" as articulated by Kant in contrast with "the beautiful." Schiller's ambiguous appreciation of the "beautiful" (and associated, "this-worldly" beings and concepts such as love, religion, Greek culture and women) due to a tendency to envision the ideal of humanity as "supersensuous" is examined alongside Schlegel's early studies of Greek literature, his views on women, and Schleiermacher's early criticisms of Kant. The role Schiller accorded art in what was the late eighteenth century's "salvific task" of reconciling the realms of sense and reason is also investigated with a view to the fate of women and "the feminine" in this discourse. The use made in Schiller's aesthetics of the paradigm of heterosexual love for articulating the sought-after reconciliation of sense and reason is studied as an instructive contrast to the use of this paradigm in Schleiermacher's and Schlegel's alternative depictions of "salvific" activity and experience. Order No: AAC 9433783 ProQuest - Dissertation Abstracts Title: MODERNITY AND THE DILEMMA OF NATURAL THEOLOGY: THE BARTH-BRUNNER DEBATE, 1934 Author: MCCALLUM, J. BRUCE School: MARQUETTE UNIVERSITY (0116) Degree: PHD Date: 1994 pp: 300 Advisor: HINZE, BRADFORD E. Source: DAI-A 55/08, p. 2442, Feb 1995 Subject: THEOLOGY (0469); RELIGION, PHILOSOPHY OF (0322) Abstract: Ever since the 1934 debate between Karl Barth and Emil Brunner, the possibility and status of natural theology has come to represent the dilemma of modern theology. This dissertation argues that their debate marks a shift from the metaphysical or modern traditions of natural theology to a wisdom tradition in light of the Protestant doctrine of salvation by grace alone. The problem of natural theology arises for anyone who reflects on the relationship between the unique truth of Jesus Christ and the general search for truth, but for Brunner and Barth the problem was focused on the relationship between the authority of divine grace and the freedom of human beings. This way of focusing the problem shifts the discussion to the catechetical context of natural theology. The reasons for this shift were partly historical. Brunner and Barth were both critical of the way Schleiermacher handled the problem of natural theology within his philosophical theology, which had the human consciousness of God as its object. Their criticisms and counter-proposals are discussed in chapter two. However, the dogmatic reason involves the relationship of divine grace and human freedom. Many factors go together to make up the modern outlook on life, but one common assumption is that individuals are free to decide for themselves what to believe based on experience, inner intuition or rational investigation. Herein lies the problem of modern freedom. It is impossible to determine what an individual may believe without determining the actual conditions for belief beforehand. The implications of modern freedom were only too obvious in 1934 with a totalitarian regime in power claiming to represent the latest revelation of God and the will of the German people. Both theologians offered new proposals for handling the problem of natural theology. Brunner provided an anthropology of sinful human existence analogous to the brokenness of modern culture. It was a natural theology of the law leading to the acceptance of divine grace. Barth supplied a doctrine of the being of God who exists in such a way that he comes to be at a point of time what he was not before. It was a natural theology of divine grace which provides the actual conditions in God for the possibility of belief. New evidence from the personal correspondence between Barth and Brunner is presented which supports the contention that their debate was a longstanding theological disagreement and not a response to political pressures under the Third Reich. A final chapter reflects on the connection between the rhetorical strategies used in the debate and the content of their natural theologies. Order No: AAC 9503097 ProQuest - Dissertation Abstracts Title: KARL BARTH VERSUS EMIL BRUNNER: THE FORMATION AND DISSOLUTION OF A THEOLOGICAL ALLIANCE, 1916-1936 (BARTH, KARL, SWITZERLAND, BRUNNER, EMIL) Author: HART, JOHN WOODWARD School: UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD (UNITED KINGDOM) (0405) Degree: DPHIL Date: 1994 pp: 335 Advisor: GORRINGE, TIMOTHY J. Source: DAI-A 55/09, p. 2871, Mar 1995 Subject: THEOLOGY (0469); RELIGION, HISTORY OF (0320) Abstract: The premise of this study is that the 1934 'natural theology debate' between Karl Barth and Emil Brunner was the culmination of several long-running arguments between them. Not only is this background essential in order to understand what the 1934 debate meant for both theologians, but a look into the previous eighteen years of their theological alliance also sheds light on the development and fundamental intentions of both men. This study is an historical-theological exploration into the beginnings, development, and break-down of Barth and Brunner's theological alliance. It draws upon a close reading of Barth's and Brunner's writings during this period, supplemented significantly by the insights provided by their as-yet unpublished correspondence. The study follows the Barth-Brunner relationship through six periods: 1916-1919 (Chapter One), their coming together as theological allies; 1920-1924 (Chapter Two), the critical period when their theological relationship was defined and solidified; 1924-1928 (Chapter Three), when their constructive theologies developed in different directions--Barth towards dogmatics, Brunner towards philosophical theology; 1929-1932 (Chapter Four), when their alliance began to fray over Brunner's 'other task' of theology and Barth's self-clarification through Anselm; and 1933-1935 (Chapter Five), the natural theology debate played out against the background of the German Church struggle. Chapter Six makes a unique contribution to the understanding of Brunner's theology, as well as establishing an overlooked factor in the Barth-Brunner debate, as it explores Brunner's involvement with the Oxford Group Movement. The Conclusion analyses the reasons for the break-up of Barth and Brunner's theological alliance, focusing upon personal characteristics, material commitments, and especially theological method. In the end, the story of the Barth-Brunner alliance shows the gulf which separates Barth from all modern theologians, not only from his obvious adversaries (e.g., Schleiermacher and Bultmann) but also from his nearest colleagues. Barth is ruthlessly and consistently concerned with doing theology which profoundly respects the ontological and noetic distance between the self-revealing God and his sinful and elected Church--a theology which is radically 'dialectical'. Order No: AAC 9428246 ProQuest - Dissertation Abstracts Title: DIMENSIONS OF THE RECONCILED LIFE: FAITH, LOVE, AND HOPE IN KARL BARTH'S THEOLOGY (BARTH, KARL) Author: DEVINE, DARRYL MARK School: THE SOUTHERN BAPTIST THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY (0207) Degree: PHD Date: 1994 pp: 314 Advisor: MUELLER, DAVID L. Source: DAI-A 55/05, p. 1292, Nov 1994 Subject: THEOLOGY (0469) Abstract: The purpose of the dissertation was twofold. First was the attempt to trace and critically analyze how Barth makes the transition from the understanding of the objective work of God in Jesus Christ to its subjective appropriation by Christian believers. Second was the endeavor to elaborate and assess the viability of Barth's conception of Christian faith, love, and hope as significant dimensions of the Christian life. Chapter 1 established the background of Barth's development of the doctrine of reconciliation in his confrontation with the thinking of Friedrich Schleiermacher and Rudolf Bultmann. The crucial place of reconciliation within Barth's theology was demonstrated and the distinctive structure of his move from objective to subjective concerns was schematically depicted and analyzed. Chapters 2, 3, and 4 traced Barth's transition from the understanding of justification, sanctification, and vocation to Christian faith, love, and hope respectively. It was found that Barth accounts for the true subjective appropriation of reconciliation by the miraculous work of the Holy Spirit. Barth identifies the genuineness of subjective appropriation by its correspondence to the reconciling work of Jesus Christ in question. Chapter 5 distilled Barth's understanding of the transition from objective reconciliation to its subjective appropriation in seventeen theses. It also addressed four critical issues raised by Barth's views; (1) objectivist christomonism, (2) universalism, (3) the significance of history and the Christian life, and (4) the content of Christian hope. The notion that Barth marginalizes the subjective moment of salvation was challenged and the viability of his conception of the Christian life as meaningful was defended. The "calvinistic" character of Barth's universalistic tendency was asserted and the scriptural objection to universalism was accepted. Finally, Barth's understanding was assessed as an answer and alternative to the thinking of Friedrich Schleiermacher and Rudolf Bultmann. Criticism that Barth's understanding displays any disinterest in, evasion of or neglect concerning the subjective implications of the gospel was countered. Rejection of the theologies of Schleiermacher and Bultmann was traced to Barth's identification of the living Jesus Christ as the ontological and epistemological locus for Christian knowledge and speech concerning humanity's true being and existence. Order No: AAC 9326157 ProQuest - Dissertation Abstracts Title: THEODORE PARKER'S MAN-MAKING STRATEGY: A STUDY OF HIS PROFESSIONAL MINISTRY IN SELECTED SERMONS (PARKER THEODORE) Author: FITZGIBBONS, JOHN PATRICK School: LOYOLA UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO (0112) Degree: PHD Date: 1993 pp: 256 Advisor: ROCKS, JAMES Source: DAI-A 54/05, p. 1803, Nov 1993 Subject: LITERATURE, AMERICAN (0591); THEOLOGY (0469); RELIGION, CLERGY (0319) Abstract: Theodore Parker (1810-1860), a Unitarian and Transcendentalist minister, was the most popular preacher in a settled ministry in Boston, at the apex of his career. His ministry was aimed at a broad spectrum of worshipers and articulated a wide range of social reforms he sought for the United States before the Civil War. Chief among these reforms were the abolition of slavery, the right to free public education for all persons, women's rights, and the equality of all persons in a democracy. This dissertation traces the historical background of the professional ministry in Boston, as it serves to locate Parker's ministry within the New England tradition of "liberal" ministry. Moreover, it examines Parker's attempt to embody his ideology of manhood in his advocacy for the marginalized. Frequent references made to the career and works of Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882) serve to contrast Parker's strategy for developing an ideology of manhood and "manly" Christianity with that of Emerson. Chapter One gives a brief overview of the professional Christian ministry in New England as it developed in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Particular attention is paid to the theological and ministerial shifts which take place as three powerful theological cultures--Calvinism, Unitarianism, and Transcendentalism--develop and conflict. Also, Parker's debts to the Romantic movement, the absolute religion of Schleiermacher, and the Unitarianism of William Ellery Channing are explored. Chapter Two probes the role of the professional minister in early nineteenth-century Boston, with regard to the dominant entrepreneurial ideology of manhood of the day. Parker and Emerson are contrasted for differing strategies of expressive individualism while the emphasis is placed on Emerson's anxiety of the loss of manhood through the marginalization of professional ministry. Chapter Three explores Parker's understanding of the professional ministry as a viable man-making strategy if ministry is conceived of as a prophetic challenge to reform society. Finally, Chapter Four examines a number of Parker's sermons dealing with education, women, and social classes. Order No: AAC 9412264 ProQuest - Dissertation Abstracts Title: THE PIOUS SPIRIT (FRIEDRICH SCHLEIERMACHER, BENEDICT DE SPINOZA) Author: DINSMORE, PATRICK DONALD School: DREW UNIVERSITY (0064) Degree: PHD Date: 1993 pp: 261 Advisor: RYAN, MICHAEL D. Source: DAI-A 54/11, p. 4140, May 1994 Subject: RELIGION, PHILOSOPHY OF (0322); THEOLOGY (0469); PHILOSOPHY (0422) Abstract: This study compares the major mature doctrines of Friedrich Schleiermacher with those of Benedict de Spinoza. It seeks to determine if Schleiermacher may be properly considered a Spinozist as many of his critics charged. It examines their respective doctrines regarding epistemology, God and God's attributes and freedom and salvation. It concludes that Schleiermacher cannot be considered a Spinozist, despite his obvious admiration for Spinoza's pious spirit. It argues Schleiermacher's dialectic of knowledge is far removed from Spinoza's epistemology based on innate ideas. It points out that Schleiermacher took particular issue with Spinoza's doctrine of God which has no concept of religious feeling. It asserts that Schleiermacher's doctrine of salvation is fundamentally Christian, as he believes in Christ's work of redemption, while for Spinoza salvation is knowledge. Order No: AAC 9421101 ProQuest - Dissertation Abstracts Title: THE THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF SCHLEIERMACHER'S THEOLOGY: A STUDY OF THE 'DIALEKTIK' (SCHLEIERMACHER FRIEDRICH) Author: BAILEY, GARY LAWRENCE School: THE UNIVERSITY OF IOWA (0096) Degree: PHD Date: 1993 pp: 360 Advisor: KLEMM, DAVID E. Source: DAI-A 55/03, p. 610, Sep 1994 Subject: THEOLOGY (0469); RELIGION, PHILOSOPHY OF (0322); PHILOSOPHY (0422) Abstract: This dissertation presents a conceptual analysis of the intention and argumentative structure of the general and transcendental parts of Schleiermacher's Dialektik, where Schleiermacher seeks the first principle of knowing as the necessary condition of both being in and resolving dispute. The dissertation argues that, although Schleiermacher does not name it as such, the first principle is properly formulated as the correlation of the ideas of God and world. The thesis of the dissertation has two parts. The first part concerns the meaning of the principle; the second part concerns the sense in which one knows and does not know the principle. The dissertation claims, first, that the formulation of the principle must be conceived both as highest subjective principle of thinking and as objective conditioning ground in being itself. This is the sense in which Schleiermacher uses the terms "transcendent" and "transcendental" in describing the principle. The formula articulates the identity and difference of the subjective and objective principles. The dissertation claims, second, that one both knows and does not know the first principle. One knows the first principle as subjective principle of thinking unproblematically, for it is present to thinking as the first rule of thinking. Are we warranted, however, to claim that one knows the being of this principle as objective conditioning ground? I argue that in Schleiermacher's view, analysis of the being of thinking, as given in an analysis of "immediate self-consciousness" (the being of the one who thinks) leads inevitably to positing the absolute unity of thinking (ideal-being) and being (real-being) as conditioning ground. Schleiermacher's conclusion is that we know the principle formally in its subjective and objective aspects, and that this very formal knowing provides the criterion by which one knows that no finite formulation of the principle is descriptively adequate to the being of the conditioning ground. That is, one knows that the principle of all ideality and reality is the identity of identity and difference. One does not know, however, the proper identification of this identity. Order No: AAC MM86791 ProQuest - Dissertation Abstracts Title: LE CONCEPT DE REVELATION UNIVERSELLE CHEZ SCHLEIERMACHER, SABATIER, LOISY, TILLICH ET RAHNER (FRENCH TEXT, FRIEDRICH SCHLEIERMACHER, AUGUSTE SABATIER, ALFRED LOISY, PAUL TILLICH, KARL RAHNER) Author: NAULT, FRANCOIS School: UNIVERSITE LAVAL (CANADA) (0726) Degree: MA Date: 1993 pp: 167 Advisor: ROBERGE, RENE-MICHEL Source: MAI 32/06, p. 1536, Dec 1994 Language: FRENCH Subject: THEOLOGY (0469); RELIGION, PHILOSOPHY OF (0322) ISBN: 0-315-86791-4 Abstract: Cette etude porte sur le concept de revelation universelle. Sans delaisser completement l'approche synthronique--qui vise a degager les differentes etapes du developpement historique du concept--, ce memoire s'efforce d'abord de cerner les problematiques et les enjeux sous-jacents a l'ensemble de la reflexion contemporaine sur le sujet. Plus precisement, la question qui est posee est d'ordre epistemologique et concerne les conditions de possibilite de la formulation d'un concept de revelation en terme d'universalite. A travers l'analyse de la pensee de Friedrich Schleiermacher, d'Auguste Sabatier d'Alfred Loisy, de Paul Tillich et de Karl Rahner, il s'agit de verifier l'hypothese selon laquelle le concept de revelation universelle serait issu de l'effort deploye pour concilier les notions de revelation et d'experience. Au terme des analyses particulieres, on propose une reflexion critique a l'interieur de laquelle le concept d'experience, utilise par chaque auteur, est situe par rapport aux parametres de l'histoire, de la transcendance et de la normativite. Order No: AAC 9307584 ProQuest - Dissertation Abstracts Title: READING SYMPATHY: IDENTITY AND RELATIONSHIP IN ENGLISH ROMANTICISM Author: MCCARTHY, THOMAS JOHN School: HARVARD UNIVERSITY (0084) Degree: PHD Date: 1992 pp: 326 Advisor: PERKINS, DAVID Source: DAI-A 53/11, p. 3922, May 1993 Subject: LITERATURE, ENGLISH (0593); SPEECH COMMUNICATION (0459); PSYCHOLOGY, GENERAL (0621) Abstract: The Romantics' belief in sympathy profoundly affected the way literature was written and read at the time. With its emphasis on the Self entering into the mental and emotional experience of the Other, sympathy came to be regarded in the Romantic period as the source of artistic capacity, aesthetic insight and interpersonal understanding. Much critical theory of the past quarter century has regarded as naive the idea of literature as self-expression, thus overlooking the Romantics' conception of reading as an intimate and sympathetic encounter. Reasserting the importance of applying Romantic critical tenets to Romantic texts, I argue that understanding and emotion should have a vital place in present-day thinking about Romantic literature. For the English Romantics reading and writing were intensely personal experiences. Contemporary periodical reviews illustrate how Romantic ideals centered around establishing an intimacy between author/poet and reader based on the same psychological and emotional phenomena which characterize personal relationships. My analysis of the components of sympathy as defined by twentieth-century psychotherapy, philosophy and sociology reveals that sympathy is the foundation of all understanding and all relationship. Using Schleiermacher as a paradigm, I explore the ways in which sympathy makes possible both self-expressive writing and the psychological hermeneutic it engenders. A craving for greater intimacy with writers in this period meant that genres in which the writer was assumed to be freely expressing himself were particularly compelling to readers. The dissertation analyzes examples of the diary, the letter, the autobiography and the lyric, arguing that these genres most closely duplicate and enact the psychology of human relationships. Not only do they demonstrate the impact of sympathy on the speaking "I," but they also implicitly demand the reader's sympathy. Each of these four chapters examines Romantic literary and hermeneutic conventions through the lens of recent psychological principles. I examine works by the Wordsworths, Byron, Lamb, Shelley, Coleridge, Burns and several lesser-known figures. Each genre-study illuminates a different way in which the writing and reading of Romantic literature were steeped in the emotional and psychological dynamics of sympathy. Order No: NOT AVAILABLE FROM UMI ProQuest - Dissertation Abstracts Title: THE SHIFT TO MODERNITY: CHRIST AND THE DOCTRINE OF CREATION IN THE THEOLOGIES OF SCHLEIERMACHER AND BARTH (FRIEDRICH SCHLEIERMACHER, KARL BARTH) Author: SHERMAN, ROBERT JAMES School: THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO (0330) Degree: PHD Date: 1992 Source: DAI-A 54/09, p. 3481, Mar 1994 Subject: THEOLOGY (0469) Abstract: The thesis claims that Schleiermacher and Barth employ a Christological orientation in their doctrines of creation, which enables them to maintain dogmatic coherence and a continuity with Christianity's historic confessions while also meeting certain modern intellectual demands confronting their work. Regarding method, the dissertation argues that neither began with a consideration of the world, or even Scripture, but with the presupposition of a unique and fundamentally Christian experience within the community. Only on this basis do they then consider the world or the Bible, in an approach repudiating Natural Theology and any assumption of the Genesis creation stories' literal accuracy. While Barth challenged the sciences far more than Schleiermacher, he still portrayed Scripture as offering a knowledge of faith, i.e., something distinct from, although compatible with, the knowledge presented by the sciences. Thus, their doctrines of creation do not offer objective claims about the world (which modern sensibilities would reject), but Christological frameworks for interpreting that world's basis and meaning. The dissertation also considers content similarities. Regarding their theological anthropologies, both focused on Christ, rather than Adam, as the archetype of human nature and the Creator-creature relation. Turning to the Fall, this focus let them avoid the conflict between scientific assumptions of the integrity of nature and the old view that, through divine intervention, humanity or the world underwent a qualitative change. It also allowed them to reaffirm traditional claims of God's immutability, omniscience and omnipotence by emphasizing the continuity of God's purpose in Christ rather than God's "reaction" to the Fall. Similarly, their respective theodicies both suggest that much "evil" is such only in perception, not objective reality. E.g., they describe death as intrinsically natural, although those under sin perceive it as "alien" or divine punishment. When viewed Christologically, however, death ceases to threaten. Indeed, the dissertation concludes finally that Schleiermacher and Barth have both adapted the Calvinistic notion of the one eternal, supralapsarian decree to encompass not just election but the whole expanse of God's creative, providential and redemptive rule--one act of God motivated by, and realizing, the divine love in Christ. Order No: AAC 9314662 ProQuest - Dissertation Abstracts Title: THE YOUNG BULTMANN: CONTEXT FOR HIS UNDERSTANDING OF GOD, 1884-1925 (BULTMANN RUDOLF) Author: DENNISON, WILLIAM DAVID School: MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY (0128) Degree: PHD Date: 1992 pp: 293 Source: DAI-A 54/01, p. 217, Jul 1993 Subject: THEOLOGY (0469); PHILOSOPHY (0422); HISTORY, EUROPEAN (0335) Abstract: During Rudolf Bultmann's early life (1884-1925), he attempted to unite scholar and laity through his understanding of the person of God. He passionately strove to present a consistent understanding of God to himself, fellow scholars, his students, and the laity in the protestant churches of Germany. His consistent understanding of God developed in the context of his home and its love for the common people of the church, the legacy of Schleiermacher, Marburg Lutheran Neo-Kantianism, the eschatological perspective of the History of Religions school, dialectic theology, and Heidegger's philosophy of existence. Throughout this development, Bultmann always insisted that God is the inner forces of life within the human; this belief was the common feature of his understanding of God during this period. However, in the process of these developmental stages, Bultmann came to hold that Lutheran Neo-Kantianism provided the basic structure by which to analyze, critique, and strengthen his understanding of God. In light of this Neo-Kantian structure, Bultmann insisted that God cannot be the formulation of any scientific, ethical, or artistic construction. By this Bultmann meant that God cannot be the object or manifestation of human reason in any form; God transcends human reason. Hence, through the assistance of the dialectical theologians and Heidegger, in 1925 Bultmann presented his purest formulation of a Neo-Kantian understanding of God: God is the spontaneous moment of encountering the dialectical forces within our existential being. For Bultmann, herein lies the union of scholar and laity: whether one is a theological scholar or a peasant farmer, the presence of God is revealed in the same manner--God is the dialectic force within our existential being. For this reason, Bultmann proclaimed (the kerygma) in the churches and in the halls of academia that the union of laity and scholar as well as one's own personal life are dependent upon a passive reception of the revelation of God within us and an active embrace of that revelation by faith. Order No: AAC NN78659 ProQuest - Dissertation Abstracts Title: LIRE ET COMPRENDRE LE ROMAN FRANCAIS DE 1938 A 1947: ESSAI D'HERMENEUTIQUE CONTEMPORAINE (HERMENEUTIQUE, FRENCH TEXT) Author: MILLER, ROBERT ALVIN School: UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO (CANADA) (0779) Degree: PHD Date: 1990 pp: 394 Source: DAI-A 54/05, p. 1823, Nov 1993 Language: FRENCH Subject: LITERATURE, ROMANCE (0313) ISBN: 0-315-78659-0 Abstract: Dans cette dissertation, nous cherchons a montrer que l'exegese de romans contemporains est possible. Mais pour realiser un tel projet il faut mettre en cause plusieurs presuppositions traditionnelles au sujet de la canonicite. D'ou le commencement d'une forme d'exegese selon laquelle l'interpretation de la canonicite d'un texte devient une partie integrante de son interpretation historique et esthetique. Il faut donc entendre par canonicite, non pas un ensemble de listes hierarchiques de textes, mais plutot le proces par lequel un lecteur situe le texte qu'il lit dans l'ensemble des textes qu'il aurait la competence linguistique de lire le temps permettant. Le premier chapitre aborde plusieurs presuppositions de la tradition hermeneutique. Dans le deuxieme chapitre, nous analysons differentes solutions aux problemes de la selection, de l'evaluation et de l'interpretation de textes litteraires. Nous degageons, dans le Chapitre 3, les grandes lignes d'une hermeneutique contemporaine naissante. Le quatrieme chapitre montre les difficultes de la creation, a partir d'un "pre-corpus" relativement vaste, d'un corpus tres restreint, et le Chapitre 5 offre un travail exegetique fonde sur ce corpus (de la periode de 1938 a 1947), et sur des considerations des chapitres anterieurs. Dans le dernier chapitre nous soulignons le role que pourraient jouer dans une exegese contemporaine les categories hermeneutiques de Schleiermacher, et les faiblesses d'une hermeneutique qui, au nom de l'objectivite historique, ferait abstraction de la textualite et de la canonicite, lesquelles constituent les conditions memes de notre acquisition de connaissances litteraires et historiques. Order No: AAC D-98206 ProQuest - Dissertation Abstracts Title: THE SINLESSNESS OF CHRIST AS A PROBLEM IN MODERN SYSTEMATIC THEOLOGY Author: SHEEHY, J. P. School: UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD (UNITED KINGDOM) (0405) Degree: PHD Date: 1989 pp: 308 Source: DAI-A 53/10, p. 3571, Apr 1993 Subject: THEOLOGY (0469) Abstract: Available from UMI in association with The British Library. Requires signed TDF. The doctrine of the sinlessness of Jesus is in difficulties because incarnational christology is no longer taken for granted, the work of Biblical critics has made it difficult to affirm the doctrine on Biblical grounds and there are various problems raised by the type of affirmation which the doctrine makes. There has been widespread use of the sinlessness of Christ as an apologetic argument (e.g., famously, Ullmann). But this approach is flawed. It requires data which the Biblical records cannot give and it assumes that we have a reliable idea of sinlessness against which the data can be tested. But the New Testament records can only tell us that, although the recorded doings of Jesus were ambiguous as to their moral value, the New Testament writers were convinced of his freedom from actual sin and included this in their proclamation. Different concepts of sin will yield different concepts of sinlessness, but the affirmation of the sinlessness of Jesus means that he was unfailingly and always in conformity with the will of God. This is known by revelation, without which the matter remains ambiguous. The meaning of the doctrine is discussed in relation to ideas of Sutherland, Robinson, and Sykes. Apart from the apologetic use, other affirmations of the doctrine are made for reasons of coherence with other doctrines, to establish and safeguard the coherence of such doctrines. He can distinguish between an 'incarnational demand' (e.g. Schleiermacher) and a 'redemptive demand' (e.g. Rashdall, Moberly, Barth). The argument of Knox that the doctrine ought not to be affirmed, for the sake of the affirmation of Jesus' complete humanity is examined, and rejected. The incarnational demand is implicit in the meaning of the incarnation while the redemptive demand is not implicit in the meaning of the redemption, but a consequence of certain presentations of it. |
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